Abstract
Sulfide electrolyte-based all-solid-state batteries (ASSLBs) have been considered the most promising candidate for next-generation energy storage systems owing to the high ionic conductivity and soft nature of sulfide electrolytes. However, the inevitable side reactions between sulfide electrolytes and high-voltage cathode materials hinder their further application. Herein, we construct a robust and low-cost Li3PO4 (LPO) buffering layer on the surface of the NCM622 particles through a facile solution method. This strategy promotes the diffusion of lithium ions at the interface and significantly reduces the growth of battery polarization during the cycles by suppressing the side reactions between electrolytes and cathode materials. The assembled ASSLBs employing the LPO-NCM622 cathode exhibited superior cycling and rate performance compared with their counterpart, delivering high capacity of 177−1 and maintaining 79.2% of initial capacity after 100 cycles. Meanwhile, encouraging specific capacity of 75 mAh g−1 was reached at 1 C.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.R. Li, H. Su, M. Li, J.Y. Xiang, Z. Jiang, X.L. Wang, X.H. Xia, C.D. Gu, and J.P. Tu, A deformable dual-layer interphase for high-performance Li10GeP2S12-based solid-state Li metal batteries. Chem. Eng. J. 431, 134019 (2022).
Q. Zhao, S. Stalin, C.Z. Zhao, and L.A. Archer, Designing solid-state electrolytes for safe, energy-dense batteries. Nat. Rev. Mater. 5, 229 (2020).
N. Nitta, F. Wu, J.T. Lee, and G. Yushin, Li-ion battery materials: present and future. Mater. Today 18, 252 (2015).
T. Famprikis, P. Canepa, J.A. Dawson, M.S. Islam, and C. Masquelier, Fundamentals of inorganic solid-state electrolytes for batteries. Nat. Mater. 18, 1278 (2019).
J.C. Bachman, S. Muy, A. Grimaud, H.H. Chang, N. Pour, S.F. Lux, O. Paschos, F. Maglia, S. Lupart, P. Lamp, L. Giordano, and Y. Shao Horn, Inorganic solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries: mechanisms and properties governing ion conduction. Chem. Rev. 116, 140 (2016).
Q. Zhang, D. Cao, Y. Ma, A. Natan, P. Aurora, and H. Zhu, Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes: synthesis, stability, and potential for all-solid-state batteries. Adv. Mater. 31, 1901131 (2019).
Y. Kato, S. Hori, T. Saito, K. Suzuki, M. Hirayama, A. Mitsui, M. Yonemura, H. Iba, and R. Kanno, High-power all-solid-state batteries using sulfide superionic conductors. Nat. Energy 1, 16030 (2016).
M. Armand and J.M. Tarascon, Building better batteries. Nature 451, 652 (2008).
S. Randau, D.A. Weber, O. Kötz, R. Koerver, P. Braun, A. Weber, E. Ivers-Tiffée, T. Adermann, J. Kulisch, W.G. Zeier, F.H. Richter, and J. Janek, Benchmarking the performance of all-solid-state lithium batteries. Nat. Energy 5, 259 (2020).
Y. Liu, H. Peng, H. Su, Y. Zhong, X.L. Wang, X.H. Xia, C.D. Gu, and J.P. Tu, Ultrafast synthesis of I-rich lithium argyrodite glass-ceramic electrolyte with high ionic conductivity. Adv. Mater. 34, 2107346 (2022).
N. Rosero, C. Nataly, A. Miura, and K. Tadanaga, Preparation of lithium ion conductive Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte from solution for the fabrication of composite cathode of all-solid-state lithium battery. J. Sol Gel Sci. Technol. 89, 303 (2018).
H. Su, Y. Liu, Y. Zhong, J. Li, X. Wang, X. Xia, C. Gu, and J. Tu, Stabilizing the interphase between Li and argyrodite electrolyte through synergistic phosphating process for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Nano Energy 96, 107104 (2022).
Y. Liu, H. Su, M. Li, J.Y. Xiang, X.Z. Wu, Y. Zhong, X.L. Wang, X.H. Xia, C.D. Gu, and J.P. Tu, In situ formation of a Li3N-rich interface between lithium and argyrodite solid electrolyte enabled by nitrogen doping. J. Mater. Chem. A 9, 13531 (2021).
Y.Z. Zhu, X.F. He, and Y.F. Mo, Origin of outstanding stability in the lithium solid electrolyte materials: insights from thermodynamic analyses based on first-principles calculations. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 23685 (2015).
Y.Z. Zhu, X.F. He, and Y.F. Mo, First principles study on electrochemical and chemical stability of solid electrolyte–electrode interfaces in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 3253 (2016).
H.M. Chen, C. Maohua, and S. Adams, Stability and ionic mobility in argyrodite-related lithium-ion solid electrolytes. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17, 16494 (2015).
A. Banerjee, X. Wang, C. Fang, E.A. Wu, and Y.S. Meng, Interfaces and interphases in all-solid-state batteries with inorganic solid electrolytes. Chem Rev 120, 6878 (2020).
P. Minnmann, L. Quillman, S. Burkhardt, F.H. Richter, and J. Janek, Editors’ choice—quantifying the impact of charge transport bottlenecks in composite cathodes of all-solid-state batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 168, 040537 (2021).
X.S. Liu, B.Z. Zheng, J. Zhao, W. Zhao, Z. Liang, Y. Su, C. Xie, K. Zhou, Y. Xiang, J. Zhu, H. Wang, G. Zhong, Z. Gong, J. Huang, and Y. Yang, Electrochemo-mechanical effects on structural integrity of Ni-rich cathodes with different microstructures in all solid-state batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 11, 2003583 (2021).
K. Niek and W. Marnix, Space-charge layers in all-solid-state batteries; important or negligible? ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 1, 5609 (2018).
A. Banerjee, H. Tang, X. Wang, J.H. Cheng, H. Nguyen, M. Zhang, D.H.S. Tan, T.A. Wynn, E.A. Wu, J.M. Doux, T. Wu, L. Ma, G.E. Sterbinsky, M.S. D’Souza, S.P. Ong, and Y.S. Meng, Revealing nanoscale solid-solid interfacial phenomena for long-life and high-energy all-solid-state batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11, 43138 (2019).
W. Zhang, T. Leichtweiss, S.P. Culver, R. Koerver, D. Das, D.A. Weber, W.G. Zeier, and J. Janek, The detrimental effects of carbon additives in Li10GeP2S12-based solid-state batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 35888 (2017).
L.L. Wang, R.C. Xie, B.B. Chen, X. Yu, J. Ma, C. Li, Z. Hu, X. Sun, C. Xu, S. Dong, T.S. Chan, J. Luo, G. Cui, and L. Chen, In-situ visualization of the space-charge-layer effect on interfacial lithium-ion transport in all-solid-state batteries. Nat. Commun. 11, 5889 (2020).
C. Yu, S. Ganapathy, E. Eck, H. Wang, S. Basak, Z. Li, and M. Wagemaker, Accessing the bottleneck in all-solid state batteries, lithium-ion transport over the solid-electrolyte-electrode interface. Nat. Commun. 8, 1086 (2017).
S. Wang, W. Zhang, X. Chen, D. Das, R. Ruess, A. Gautam, F. Walther, S. Ohno, R. Koerver, Q. Zhang, W.G. Zeier, F.H. Richter, C.W. Nan, and J. Janek, Influence of crystallinity of lithium thiophosphate solid electrolytes on the performance of solid-state batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 11, 2100654 (2021).
Y. Wang, Y. Lv, Y.B. Su, L.Q. Chen, H. Li, and F. Wu, 5V-class sulfurized spinel cathode stable in sulfide all-solid-state batteries. Nano Energy 90, 106589 (2021).
L.F. Peng, H.T. Ren, J.Z. Zhang, S. Chen, C. Yu, X. Miao, Z. Zhang, Z. He, M. Yu, L. Zhang, S. Cheng, and J. Xie, LiNbO3-coated LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.2O2 and chlorine-rich argyrodite enabling high-performance solid-state batteries under different temperatures. Energy Storage Mater. 43, 53–61 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.08.028.
N. Ohta, K. Takada, I. Sakaguchi, L. Zhang, R. Ma, K. Fukuda, M. Osada, and T. Sasaki, LiNbO3-coated LiCoO2 as cathode material for all solid-state lithium secondary batteries. Electrochem. Commun. 9, 1486 (2007).
X.L. Li, L.B. Jin, D.W. Song, H. Zhang, X. Shi, Z. Wang, L. Zhang, and L. Zhu, LiNbO3-coated LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode with high discharge capacity and rate performance for all-solid-state lithium battery. J. Energy Chem. 40, 39 (2020).
X.H. Li, Z. Jiang, D. Cai, X.L. Wang, X.H. Xia, C.D. Gu, and J.P. Tu, Single-crystal-layered Ni-rich oxide modified by phosphate coating boosting interfacial stability of Li10SnP2S12-based all-solid-state Li batteries. Small 17, 2103830 (2021).
M. Yoon, Y. Dong, J. Hwang, J. Sung, H. Cha, K. Ahn, Y. Huang, S.J. Kang, J. Li, and J. Cho, Reactive boride infusion stabilizes Ni-rich cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Energy 6, 362 (2021).
Q. Zhang, D.X. Cao, Y. Ma, A. Natan, P. Aurora, and H.L. Zhu, Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes: synthesis, stability, and potential for all-solid-state batteries. Adv. Mater. 31, 1901131 (2019).
Z.H. Gao, H.B. Sun, L. Fu, F. Ye, Y. Zhang, W. Luo, and Y. Huang, Promises, challenges, and recent progress of inorganic solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Adv. Mater. 30, 1705702 (2018).
H. Su, Z. Jiang, Y. Liu, J. Li, C. Gu, X. Wang, X. Xia, and J. Tu, Recent progress of sulfide electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Energy Mater. 2, 200005 (2022).
D. Chen, F. Zheng, L. Li, M. Chen, X. Zhong, W. Li, and L. Lu, Effect of Li3PO4 coating of layered lithium-rich oxide on electrochemical performance. J. Power Sources 341, 147 (2017).
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant. No. U20A20126) and the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2022C01071).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There are no conflicts to declare.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhong, Y., Fan, Z., Zhang, D. et al. Surface Construction of a High-Ionic-Conductivity Buffering Layer on a LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathode for Stable All-Solid-State Sulfide-Based Batteries. J. Electron. Mater. 52, 2904–2912 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10286-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-023-10286-0