Abstract
The aim of our work was to investigate thermoelectric properties of a composite of solid In4Se3 and solid or liquid indium. Polycrystalline In4Se3-In composites were prepared by a direct reaction of elements, powdering of products and sintering powders by pulsed electric current sintering technique. Microstructural and structural properties of obtained composites were analyzed using SEM + EDX and XRD techniques. Electrical transport properties and thermal conductivity were measured over a temperature range of 323 K ≤ T ≤ 673 K. Results show that the electrical conductivity of composite increases about four times in comparison with that of pristine In4Se3. The thermal conductivity decreases in a systematic way with the increase of In content and reaches a value of about 0.44 W m−1 K−1. As a result, the addition of indium enhances the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT from 0.8 to 1.2 at 673 K. However, we found that the melting of indium at about 430 K has no significant influence on thermoelectric properties of composites. We assume that the improvement of electrical properties is mainly due to the formation of point defects in In4Se3 phase and metallic properties of the In phase. To analyze formation energies of possible defects in In4Se3 structure, DFT calculations within the molecular cluster model were carried out. It was found that the In interstitial atoms are energetically more favorable than the formation of Se vacancy in In4Se3 structure.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
D.M. Rowe, Renew. Energy 16, 1251 (1999).
J.S. Rhyee, K.H. Lee, S.M. Lee, E. Cho, S.I. Kim, E. Lee, Y.S. Kwon, J.H. Shim, and G. Kotliar, Nature 459, 965 (2009).
J.H.C. Hogg, H.H. Sutherland, and D.J. Williams, Acta Crystallogr. B 29, 1590 (1973).
G. Han, Z.-G. Chen, J. Drennan, and J. Zou, Small 14, 2747 (2014).
J.S. Rhyee, K. Ahn, K.H. Lee, H.S. Ji, and J.H. Shim, Adv. Mater. 23, 2191 (2011).
Z.S. Lin, L. Chen, L.M. Wang, J.T. Zhao, and L.M. Wu, Adv. Mater. 25, 4800 (2013).
J.S. Rhyee and J.H. Kim, Mater 8, 1283 (2015).
X. Yin, J.-Y. Liu, L. Chen, and L.-M. Wu, Acc. Chem. Res. 51, 240 (2018).
K. Ahn, E. Cho, J.S. Rhyee, S.I.I. Kim, S.M. Lee, and K.H. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 102110 (2011).
Y.S. Lim, M. Jeong, W.S. Seo, J.H. Lee, C.H. Park, M. Sznajder, L.Y. Kharkhalis, D.M. Bercha, and J.H. Yang, J. Phys. D 46, 275304 (2013).
G. Li, J.Y. Yang, Y.B. Luo, Y. Xiao, L.W. Fu, M. Liu, and J.Y. Peng, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96, 2703 (2013).
Y.B. Luo, J.Y. Yang, G. Li, M. Liu, Y. Xiao, L.W. Fu, W.X. Li, P.W. Zhu, J.Y. Peng, S. Gao, and J.Q. Zhang, Adv. Energy Mater. 4, 1300599 (2014).
M.H. Lee, J.S. Rhyee, M. Vaseem, Y.B. Hahn, S.D. Park, H.J. Kim, S.J. Kim, H.J. Lee, and C. Kim, Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 223901 (2013).
J.Y. Cho, Y.S. Lim, S.-M. Choi, K.H. Kim, W.-S. Seo, and H.-H. Park, J. Electron. Mater. 40, 1024 (2011).
Y.B. Zhai, Q.S. Zhang, J. Jiang, T. Zhang, Y.K. Xiao, S.H. Yang, and G.J. Xu, J. Mater. Chem. A 1, 8844 (2013).
J.H. Kim and J.-S. Rhyee, Electron. Mater. Lett. 10, 801 (2014).
P.K. Rawat, H. Park, J. Hwang, and W. Kim, J. Elec. Mat. 46, 3 (2017).
G.H. Zhu, Y.C. Lan, H. Wang, G. Joshi, Q. Hao, G. Chen, and Z.F. Ren, Phys. Rev. B 83, 115201 (2011).
S.V. Faleev and F. Léonard, Phys. Rev. B 77, 214304 (2008).
M. Zebarjadi, G. Joshi, G. Zhu, B. Yu, A. Minnich, Y. Lan, X. Wang, M. Dresselhaus, Z. Ren, and G. Chen, Nano Lett. 11, 2225 (2011).
B.H. Toby and R.B.V. Dreele, J. App. Cryst. 46, 544 (2013).
A. Granovsky, PC GAMESS version 7.0, http://classic.chem.msu.Su/gran/gamess/index.html.
W.J. Stevens, H. Basch, and M. Krauss, J. Chem. Phys. 81, 6026 (1984).
A.D. Becke, J. Chem. Phys. 98, 1372 (1993).
C. Lee, W. Yang, and R.G. Parr, Phys. Rev. B. 37, 785 (1988).
O. Osters, G. Blazek, and T. Nilges, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem 639, 497 (2013).
A. John, Dean (523), Lange’s handbook of chemistry, 15th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill Inc, 1999), p. 1128.
L.-D. Zhao, B.-P. Zhang, J.-F. Li, M. Zhou, W.-S. Liu, and J. Liu, J. Alloys. Comps. 455, 259 (2008).
V. Ravi, S. Firdosy, and T.Caillat, in L.B. Conference, AIP Conference (2008).
P. Le, C.-W. Luo, S.-R. Jian, T.-C. Lin, and P.-F. Yang, Mater. Chem. Phys. 182, 72 (2016).
Y. Gelbstein, J. Tunbridge, R. Dixon, M. Reece, H. Ning, and R. Glchrist, et al., J. Elect. Mat. 43, 1703 (2014).
D.B. Luo, H.G. Si, and Y.X. Wang, J. Alloy. Comp. 589, 125 (2014).
A.S. Abhari, M. Abdellahi, and M. Bahmanpour, Ceram. Int. 42, 5593 (2016).
Y. Liu, D. Cadavid, M. Ibáñez, S. Ortega, S. Martí-Sánchez, O. Dobrozhan, M.V. Kovalenko, J. Arbiol, and A. Cabot, APL Mater. 4, 104813 (2016).
H.A. Davies and J.S. Llewelyn Leach, Phys. Chem. Liq. 2, 1 (1970).
G.J. Snyder and S.E. Toberer, Nat. Mater. 7, 105 (2008).
J. Martin, L. Wang, L.D. Chen, and G.S. Nolas, Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 79, 115311 (2009).
B. Moyzhes and V. Nechinsky, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 1895 (1998).
M.O. Zide, J.-H. Bahk, R. Singh, M. Zebarjadi, G. Zeng, H. Lu, J.P. Feser, D. Xu, S.L. Singer, Z.X. Bian, A. Majumdar, J.E. Bowers, A. Shakouri, and A.C. Gossard, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 123702 (2010).
H.J. Goldsmid and J.W. Sharp, J. Electron. Mater. 28, 869 (1999).
X. Shi, J.Y. Cho, R. Savador, J. Yang, and H. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 162108 (2010).
J.H. Kim, M.J. Kim, S. Oh, and J.S. Rhyee, J. Alloy. Comp. 615, 933 (2014).
K. Ahn, E. Cho, J.S. Rhyee, S. Kim, S. Hwang, H.-S. Kim, S.M. Lee, and K.H. Lee, J. Mater. Chem. 22, 5730 (2012).
P. Price, IBM J. Res. Dev. 1, 147 (1957).
H.-S. Kim, Z.M. Gibbs, Y. Tang, H. Wang, and G.J. Snyder, APL Mater. 3, 041506 (2015).
M. Thesberg and H. Kosina, N. Neophytou. Phys. Rev. B 95, 125206 (2017).
L.-D. Zhao, S.-H. Lo, Y. Zhang, H. Sun, G. Tan, C. Uher, C. Wolverton, V.P. Dravid, and M.G. Kanatzidis, Nature 508, 373 (2014).
M.L. Liu, L.B. Wu, F.Q. Huang, L.D. Chen, J.A. Ibers, and J. Solid, State. Chem. 180, 62 (2007).
H. Hiramatsu, H. Yanagi, T. Kamiya, K. Ueda, M. Hirano, and H. Hosono, Chem. Mater. 20, 326 (2008).
S.D.N. Luu and P. Vaqueiro, J. Mater. Chem. A 1, 12270 (2013).
D.J. Bergman and L.G. Fel, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 8205 (1999).
H. Xie, X. Su, Y. Yan, W. Liu, L. Chen, J. Fu, J. Yang, C. Uher, and X. Tang, NPG Asia Mater. 9, e390 (2017).
H.S. Ji, H. Kim, C. Lee, J.-S. Rhyee, M.H. Kim, M. Kaviany, and J.-H. Shim, Phys. Rev. B 87, 125111 (2013).
H. Xie, X. Su, Y. Yan, W. Liu, L. Chen, J. Fu, J. Yang, C. Uher, and X. Tang, NPG Asia Mater. 9, e390 (2017).
D.J. Bergman and L.G. Fel, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 8205 (1999).
Acknowledgments
The “New approach for development of efficient materials for direct conversion of heat into electricity project” is carried out within the TEAM –TECH0076 program of the Foundation for Polish Science co-financed by the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund, and the beneficiary of this project is The Lukasiewicz Research Network – The Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology in Krakow (Poland).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Luu, S.D.N., Parashchuk, T., Kosonowski, A. et al. Structural and Thermoelectric Properties of Solid–Liquid In4Se3-In Composite. J. Electron. Mater. 48, 5418–5427 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07399-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07399-w