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Electrical Behavior of Tb-Mn Substituted Y-Type Hexa-ferrites for High-Frequency Applications

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Abstract

Single phase nanostructured Tb-Mn substituted Y-type hexaferrites with composition Sr2Co2−x Mn x Tb y Fe12−y O22 (x = 0.0–1, y = 0.0–0.1) have been synthesized by the normal microemulsion technique. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the formation of Y-type hexagonal single phase. The crystallite size, calculated by Scherer’s formula, is found in the range of 30–48 nm, which is well suitable for obtaining good signal-to-noise ratio in high density recording media. The enhancement in direct current resistivity has been attributed to the reduction in Fe3+ ions at octahedral sites. The Arrhenius plots show that there are two conduction mechanisms operating in the synthesized materials: in the ferri-region, the conduction is due to electrons, whereas in the para-region, it is due to polaron hopping phenomena. The calculated values of activation energy in the para-region are greater than 0.40 eV, which clearly suggests that the conduction phenomenon is due to hopping of polarons. Variation of dielectric constant with frequency depicts that the dielectric constant initially decreases with increase in frequency, while at higher frequency it decreases slowly. The dielectric results are in agreement with the Maxwell–Wagner model. Both the resonance and relaxation peaks at high frequency have been observed in dielectric loss and tan δ data. It has been noted that such types of peaks appear when hopping frequency becomes equal to that of the external applied field. The high values of resistivity and low dielectric loss make these materials best candidates for high frequency applications.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors, M.N. Ashiq, is grateful to Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for financial support under the Project No. 20-1515/R&D/09-8049 and I. Shakir would like to extend his sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding to support his research through the Research Group Project no. RGP-VPP-312.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan

    Irshad Ali, M. U. Islam,  Imran Sadiq & M. Ishaque

  2. Institute of Chemical Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan

    Muhammad Naeem Ashiq & Nazia Karamat

  3. Department of Physics, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    M. Azhar Khan & G. Murtaza

  4. Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, India

    G. Murtaza

  5. Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) Center, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Imran Shakir

  6. Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering (UET), Lahore, Pakistan

    Zahoor Ahmad

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  1. Irshad Ali
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  2. M. U. Islam
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  3. Muhammad Naeem Ashiq
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  4. Imran Sadiq
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  5. M. Azhar Khan
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  6. Nazia Karamat
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  7. M. Ishaque
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  8. G. Murtaza
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  9. Imran Shakir
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  10. Zahoor Ahmad
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Correspondence to Irshad Ali or Muhammad Naeem Ashiq.

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Ali, I., Islam, M.U., Ashiq, M.N. et al. Electrical Behavior of Tb-Mn Substituted Y-Type Hexa-ferrites for High-Frequency Applications. J. Electron. Mater. 44, 1054–1061 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3619-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3619-y

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