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Effect of cross-flow on the frequency of bubble formation from a single-hole nozzle

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Abstract

Bubble formation from a single-hole nozzle placed vertically upward in a rotating water bath was investigated using a high-speed video camera. Air was used as the working gas. The measured values of the frequency of bubble formation, f B, were compared with those observed in a stationary bath, f B0. The velocity of cross-flow, νθ, affected the bubble formation significantly when it exceeded a critical value, νθc . The ratio of f B to f B0 was unity for νθ≦νθc , but it changed in a complex manner for νθ>νθc . In the latter case, when the air flow rate Q g was relatively low, f B/f B0 became larger than unity irrespective of Q g, and an empirical correlation of f B/f B0 was proposed as a function of νθ and the inner diameter of the nozzle, d ni. As the gas flow rate increased, f B/f B0 decreased monotonically and became smaller than unity, and an empirical correlation of f B/f B0 was derived as a function of Q g, νθ, and d ni. These empirical correlations could approximate the measured values of f B/f B0 within a scatter of −15 to +20 pct.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan

    Manabu Iguchi (Professor)

  2. the R&D Division, Heraeus Electro-Nite, Japan Ltd., 566-0045, Osaka, Japan

    Yukio Terauchi (Researcher)

  3. the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nihon Institute of Technology, 345-8501, Minami-Saitama, Japan

    Shin-Ichiro Yokoya (Professor)

Authors
  1. Manabu Iguchi
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  2. Yukio Terauchi
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  3. Shin-Ichiro Yokoya
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Iguchi, M., Terauchi, Y. & Yokoya, SI. Effect of cross-flow on the frequency of bubble formation from a single-hole nozzle. Metall Mater Trans B 29, 1219–1225 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-998-0044-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-998-0044-8

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