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Study on the Volatilization Condensation Law of Pure Metallic Zinc and Lead During Vacuum Distillation

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Abstract

In this paper, pure metallic zinc was distilled under vacuum at different temperatures, and pure metallic lead was distilled under vacuum at different temperatures and holding times, the condensation law and microscopic morphology of the condensates were studied in a specially designed multi-stage condenser. The special multi-stage condenser also proved to be a better instrument. Theoretical analysis shows that the volatilization and condensation processes of zinc are solid → gas and gas → solid, and the volatilization and condensation processes of lead are gas → liquid → solid and solid → liquid → gas, respectively. When the system pressure is the experimental pressure (5 Pa), the average number of collisions of zinc and lead molecules increases with the decrease of temperature, which is favorable for the condensation of zinc and lead. The vacuum distillation experiments showed that the volatilization rates of zinc and lead both increased with an increase in temperature. When the temperature was 600 °C and the holding time was 45 minutes, zinc was completely volatilized. When the temperature was 900 °C and the holding time was 75 minutes, the volatilization rate of lead was 68 pct. Photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis showed that in the microstructure of zinc, the hexagonal-layered particle structure has better photocatalytic properties. Increasing the temperature and holding time can promote the upward movement of the main condensation layer of lead, as well as lead particles of different sizes, and the nucleation growth mode of lead was described. This paper can lay the foundation for the study of the complete separation and condensation collection of zinc–lead from electric arc furnace dust and understanding the morphological characteristics of the condensate.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are especially grateful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Number 52064010], the Outstanding Young Scientists and Technologists Program of Guizhou Province, China [Grant Number (2021)5644], and the Key Nurturing Projects of Guizhou University [Grant Number (2019)07].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550000, P.R. China

    Jing Yang, Run Huang, Xuan He, Xue Deng, Renlin Zhu, Miao Li & Xianze Long

  2. College of Intelligent Metallurgy, Guangxi Modern Polytechnic College, Hechi, 547000, P.R. China

    Yuban Lei

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400000, P.R. China

    Xiaodong Lv

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  1. Jing Yang
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  2. Yuban Lei
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Correspondence to Run Huang.

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Yang, J., Lei, Y., Huang, R. et al. Study on the Volatilization Condensation Law of Pure Metallic Zinc and Lead During Vacuum Distillation. Metall Mater Trans B 54, 3143–3154 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02897-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02897-z

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