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Modeling of Liquid Steel/Slag/Argon Gas Multiphase Flow During Tundish Open Eye Formation in a Two-Strand Tundish

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Abstract

Multiphase flows are frequently encountered in metallurgical operations. One of the most effective ways to understand these processes is by flow modeling. The process of tundish open eye (TOE) formation involves three-phase interaction between liquid steel, slag, and argon gas. The two-phase interaction involving argon gas bubbles and liquid steel can be modeled relatively easily using the discrete phase modeling technique. However, the effect of an upper slag layer cannot be captured using this approach. The presence of an upper buoyant phase can have a major effect on the behavior of TOEs. Hence, a multiphase model, including three phases, viz. liquid steel, slag, and argon gas, in a two-strand slab caster tundish, was developed to study the formation and evolution of TOEs. The volume of fluid model was used to track the interphase between liquid steel and slag phases, while the discrete phase model was used to trace the movement of the argon gas bubbles in liquid steel. The variation in the TOE areas with different amounts of aspirated argon gas was examined in the presence of an overlying slag phase. The mathematical model predictions were compared against steel plant measurements.

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Abbreviations

α q :

Volume fraction of the qth fluid in a cell

ρ q :

Density of the qth fluid in a cell, kg/m3

S αq :

Source term indicating any nondiffusive or nonconvective term

\( \overrightarrow {{\mathop v\nolimits_{q} }} \) :

Velocity of the qth fluid in a cell, m/s

A TOE :

TOE area, m2

Q :

Argon gas flow rate, SLPM

Q c :

Critical argon gas flow rate, SLPM

TPM:

Tons per minute

SLPM:

Standard liters per minute (under STP)

DPM:

Discrete phase modeling

TOE:

Tundish open eye

STP:

Standard temperature and pressure

SEN:

Submerged entry nozzle

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank ArcelorMittal Global R&D Hamilton and ArcelorMittal Dofasco for the support provided in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Process Metallurgy and Modeling Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, Canada

    Saikat Chatterjee & Donghui Li

  2. MN Dastur & Co (P) Ltd, P-17 Mission Row Extension, Kolkata, 700013, India

    Saikat Chatterjee & Kinnor Chattopadhyay

  3. Process Metallurgy and Modeling Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Wallberg Building, 184 College Street, Suite 140, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, Canada

    Kinnor Chattopadhyay

Authors
  1. Saikat Chatterjee
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  2. Donghui Li
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  3. Kinnor Chattopadhyay
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saikat Chatterjee.

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Manuscript submitted March 15, 2017.

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Chatterjee, S., Li, D. & Chattopadhyay, K. Modeling of Liquid Steel/Slag/Argon Gas Multiphase Flow During Tundish Open Eye Formation in a Two-Strand Tundish. Metall Mater Trans B 49, 756–766 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-018-1177-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-018-1177-z

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