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Effect of Holding Time on Surface Films Formed on Molten AZ91D Alloy Protected by Graphite Powder

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Abstract

Graphite powder was adopted to prevent the AZ91D magnesium alloy from oxidizing during the melting and casting process. The microstructure of the resultant surface films formed at 973 K (700 °C) holding for 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) after mechanical polishing and chemical etching. The results indicated that the surface films were composed of a protective layer and the underneath particles with different morphology. The protective layer was continuous with a thickness of 200 to 1000 nm mainly consisting of MgO, MgF2, and C, while the underneath particles mainly consisted of MgF2 and MgAl2O4. The surface films were the result of the interaction between the graphite powder, the melt, and the ambient atmosphere. The number and the size of the underneath particles, determining the thickness uniformity of the surface films, and the unevenness of the microsurface morphology increased with holding time. The mechanism of holding time on the resultant surface films was also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this work was provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFB0701202 and 2016YFB0301105). This work was also supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant Nos. ZR2016EMB11 and ZR2015YL007) and by the Youth Foundation of Shandong Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2014QN024). We greatly appreciate the help of Ian R. McAdams and Dr. Feng Gao in revising the English manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Key Laboratory for High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China

    Weihong Li, Jixue Zhou & Jianhua Wu

  2. Shandong Engineering Research Center for Lightweight Automobiles Magnesium Alloys, Advanced Materials Institute, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250014, China

    Baichang Ma & Jinwei Wang

  3. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China

    Yuansheng Yang

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  1. Weihong Li
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  2. Jixue Zhou
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Correspondence to Weihong Li.

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Manuscript submitted December 14, 2016.

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Li, W., Zhou, J., Ma, B. et al. Effect of Holding Time on Surface Films Formed on Molten AZ91D Alloy Protected by Graphite Powder. Metall Mater Trans B 48, 2334–2342 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-017-1036-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-017-1036-3

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