Abstract
In this study, leaching of chalcopyrite concentrate was investigated in an autoclave system using hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid. By decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, the active oxygen formed can provide both high oxidation potential and high pressure in a closed vessel for leaching. Preliminary studies showed that hydrogen peroxide can be used as an oxidant instead of oxygen gas in the autoclave. Central composite design (CCD) was used to examine the effects of the experimental parameters on the copper and iron extraction as a response. The proposed model equation using CCD showed good agreement with experimental data, the correlation coefficients R 2 for copper and iron being 0.84 and 0.86, respectively. The optimum conditions to obtain the main goal of maximum copper and minimum iron extraction from chalcopyrite were determined as to be sulfuric acid concentration of 2.5 M, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 2.3 M, leaching time of 24 minutes, chalcopyrite amount of 3.17 g (in 50-mL solution), stirring speed of 630 rpm, and leaching temperature of 351 K (78 °C). Under the optimum condition, 76 pct of copper and 9 pct of iron were extracted from chalcopyrite concentrate. Extraction yield results of metals indicate that selective leaching of chalcopyrite can be achieved using hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid in an autoclave system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W.G. Davenport, M. King, M. Schlesinger, and A.K. Biswas: Extractive Metallurgy of Copper, 4th edition, Pergamon, New York, 2002.
M.M. Antonijević, Z.D. Jankovic, and M.D. Dimitrijevic: Hydrometallurgy, 2004, vol. 71, pp. 329-34.
T. Qiu, G. Nie, J. Wang, and L. Cui: Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2007, vol. 17, pp. 418-22.
M.A. Harahsheh, S. Kingman, and A.A. Harahsheh: Hydrometallurgy, 2008, vol. 91, pp. 89-97.
N. Hiroyoshi, H. Miki, T. Hirajima, and M. Tsunekawa: Hydrometallurgy, 2001, vol. 60, pp. 185-97.
E.M. Cordoba, J.A. Munoz, M.L. Blazquez, F. Gonzalez, and A. Ballester: Hydrometallurgy, 2008, vol. 93, pp. 88-96.
E.M. Cordoba, J.A. Munoz, M.L. Blazquez, F. Gonzalez, and A. Ballester: Hydrometallurgy, 2008, vol. 93, pp. 97-105.
F. Carranza, N. Iglesias, A. Mazuelos, I. Palencia, and R. Romero: Hydrometallurgy, 2004, vol. 71, pp. 413-20.
Z.Y. Lu, M.I. Jeffrey, and F. Lawson: Hydrometallurgy, 2000, vol. 56, pp. 189-202.
R.G. McDonald, and D.M. Muir: Hydrometallurgy, 2007, vol. 86, pp. 191-205.
R.G. McDonald, and D.M. Muir: Hydrometallurgy, 2007, vol. 86, pp. 206-220.
S. Aydoğan, G. Ucar, and M. Canbazoglu: Hydrometallurgy, 2006, vol. 81, pp. 45-51.
T. Dong, Y. Hua, Q. Zhang, and D. Zhou: Hydrometallurgy, 2009, vol. 99, pp. 33-38.
M. Chakravorty, and S. Srikanth: Thermochim. Acta, 2000, vol. 362, pp. 25-35.
A. Akçıl: Miner. Eng., 2002, vol. 15, pp. 1193-97.
T. Tamagawa, S.H. Tabaian, N.X. Fu, M. Kobayashi, and I. Iwasaki: Miner. Metall. Proc., 2000, vol. 17, pp. 259-63.
R. Padilla, E. Olivares, M.C. Ruiz, and H.Y. Sohn: Metall. Mater. Trans. B., 2003, vol. 34B, pp. 61-68.
R. Padilla, M. Rodriguez, and M.C. Ruiz: Metall. Mater. Trans. B., 2003, vol. 34B, pp. 15-23.
N. Kanari, I. Gaballah, E. Allain, and N. Menad: Metall. Mater. Trans. B., 1999, vol. 30B, pp. 567-76.
R. Padilla, P. Pavez, and M.C. Ruiz: Hydrometallurgy, 2008, vol. 91, pp. 113-20.
J. Petersen, and D.G. Dixon: Miner. Eng., 2002, vol. 15, pp. 777-85.
A. Rubio, and F.J. Garcia Frutos: Miner. Eng., 2002, vol. 15, pp. 689-94.
Y. Konishi, M. Tokushige, S. Asai, and T. Suzuki: Hydrometallurgy, 2001, vol. 59, pp. 271-82.
M.B. Stott, H.R. Watling, P.D. Franzmann, and D.Sutton: Miner. Eng., 2000, vol. 13, pp. 1117-27.
M.N. Babu, K.K. Sahu, and B.D. Pandey: Hydrometallurgy, 2002, vol. 64, pp. 119-29.
V. Mahajan, M. Misra, K. Zhong, and M.C. Fuerstenau: Minerals Engineering, 2007, vol. 20, pp. 670-74.
S. Aydoğan: Chem. Eng. J., 2006, vol. 123, pp. 65-70.
T. Pecina, T. Franco, P. Castillo, and E. Orrantia: Miner. Eng., 2008, vol. 21, pp. 23-30.
M.M. Antonijevic, M. Dimitrijevic, and Z. Jankovic: Hydrometallurgy, 1997, vol. 46, pp. 71-83.
F. Habashi: Kinetics of Metallurgical Processes, Laval University, Quėbec, 1999.
S. Aydoğan, A. Aras, G. Uçar, and M. Erdemoğlu: Hydrometallurgy, 2007, vol. 89, pp. 189-95.
A.I. Vogel: Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 5th ed., Longman, London, ISBN:0-582-44693-7, 1989.
D.C. Montgomery: Design and Analysis of Experiments, 5th ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, ISBN 0-471-31649-0, 2001.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) under the Project No: 106M177. The authors wish to express their thanks to chemical engineer Hasan Arslanoğlu for his help in conducting the experiments. The authors are also thankful to Prof. Dr. Murat Erdemoğlu and mining engineer Hakan Derin for help in the SEM analysis.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Manuscript submitted July 27, 2012.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Turan, M.D., Altundoğan, H.S. Leaching of Chalcopyrite Concentrate with Hydrogen Peroxide and Sulfuric Acid in an Autoclave System. Metall Mater Trans B 44, 809–819 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9858-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9858-0