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Influence of Isothermal Treatment on MnS and Hot Ductility in Low Carbon, Low Mn Steels

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Abstract

Hot ductility tests were used to determine the hot-cracking susceptibility of two low-carbon, low Mn/S ratio steels and compared with a higher-carbon plain C-Mn steel and a low C, high Mn/S ratio steel. Specimens were solution treated at 1623 K (1350 °C) or in situ melted before cooling at 100 K/min to various testing temperatures and strained at 7.5 × 10−4 s−1, using a Gleeble 3500 Thermomechanical Simulator. The low C, low Mn/S steels showed embrittlement from 1073 K to 1323 K (800 °C to 1050 °C) because of precipitation of MnS at the austenite grain boundaries combined with large grain size. Isothermal holding for 10 minutes at 1273 K (1000 °C) coarsened the MnS leading to significant improvement in hot ductility. The higher-carbon plain C-Mn steel only displayed a narrow trough less than the Ae3 temperature because of intergranular failure occurring along thin films of ferrite at prior austenite boundaries. The low C, high Mn/S steel had improved ductility for solution treatment conditions over that of in situ melt conditions because of the grain-refining influence of Ti. The higher Mn/S ratio steel yielded significantly better ductility than the low Mn/S ratio steels. The low hot ductility of the two low Mn/S grades was in disagreement with commercial findings where no cracking susceptibility has been reported. This discrepancy was due to the oversimplification of the thermal history of the hot ductility testing in comparison with commercial production leading to a marked difference in precipitation behavior, whereas laboratory conditions promoted fine sulfide precipitation along the austenite grain boundaries and hence, low ductility.

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Acknowledgments

The current study was conducted at the University of Wollongong under a funding support from BlueScope Steel, Australia. The authors wish to thank Mr. Les Moore for conducting the EPMA analysis and assisting with interpretation of the results.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BlueScope Steel, Port Kembla Steel Works, Five Islands Rd, Port Kembla, NSW, 2505, Australia

    Kristin R. Carpenter (Development Metallurgist, Hot Rolled Product Development) & Chris R. Killmore (Product Design Manager, Hot Rolled Product Development)

  2. Faculty of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Materials & Mechatronic Engineering, University of Wollongong, Northfields Av., Wollongong , NSW, 2522, Australia

    Rian Dippenaar (Head of Postgraduate Studies, Higher Degree Research (HDR) Student Coordinator)

Authors
  1. Kristin R. Carpenter
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  2. Chris R. Killmore
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  3. Rian Dippenaar
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Correspondence to Kristin R. Carpenter.

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Manuscript submitted January 13, 2013.

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Carpenter, K.R., Killmore, C.R. & Dippenaar, R. Influence of Isothermal Treatment on MnS and Hot Ductility in Low Carbon, Low Mn Steels. Metall Mater Trans B 45, 372–380 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9851-7

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