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Study of an Energy Storage and Recovery Concept Based on the W/WO3 Redox Reaction: Part I. Kinetic Study and Modeling of the WO3 Reduction Process for Energy Storage

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Abstract

Energy storage and recovery using the redox reaction of tungsten/tungsten-oxide is proposed. The system will store energy as tungsten metal by reducing the tungsten oxide with hydrogen. Thereafter, steam will be used to reoxidize the metal and recover the hydrogen. The volumetric energy density of W for storing hydrogen by this process is 21 kWh/L based on the lower heating value (LHV) of hydrogen. The main objective of this investigation was to study the kinetics of the reduction process of tungsten oxide (WO3) and determine the optimum parameters for rapid and complete reduction. Theoretical treatment of isothermal kinetics has been extended in the current work to the reduction of tungsten oxide in powder beds. Experiments were carried out using a thermogravimetric technique under isothermal conditions at different temperatures. The reaction at 1073 K (800 °C) was found to take place in the following sequence: WO3 → WO2.9 → WO2.72 → WO2 → W. Expressions for the last three reaction rate constants and activation energies have been calculated based on the fact that the intermediate reactions proceed as a front moving at a certain velocity while the first reaction occurs in the entire bulk of the oxide. The gas–solid reaction kinetics were modeled mathematically in terms of the process parameters. This model of the reduction has been found to be accurate for bed heights above 1.5 mm and hydrogen partial pressures greater than 3 pct, which is ideal for implementing the energy storage concept.

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Acknowledgments

The financial support of the Boston University (Ignition Award) is gratefully acknowledged. The assistance of Mr. Jarrod Milshtein and Dr. Stephen Topping is greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. École Normale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 7, rue Thibaud, 75014, Paris, France

    Romain Haboury (formerly Graduate Student, Visiting Student)

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Romain Haboury (formerly Graduate Student, Visiting Student)

  3. Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Uday B. Pal (Professor), Peter A. Zink (Research Assistant Professor and Lecturer), Srikanth Gopalan (Associate Professor) & Soumendra N. Basu (Professor)

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  1. Romain Haboury
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  2. Uday B. Pal
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  3. Peter A. Zink
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  4. Srikanth Gopalan
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  5. Soumendra N. Basu
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Correspondence to Uday B. Pal.

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Manuscript submitted September 12, 2011.

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Haboury, R., Pal, U.B., Zink, P.A. et al. Study of an Energy Storage and Recovery Concept Based on the W/WO3 Redox Reaction: Part I. Kinetic Study and Modeling of the WO3 Reduction Process for Energy Storage. Metall Mater Trans B 43, 1001–1010 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-012-9656-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-012-9656-0

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