Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental Study of Ferrous Calcium Silicate Slags: Phase Equilibria at \( {\text{P}}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} \) Between 10−5 atm and 10−7 atm

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ferrous calcium silicate slags, whose principal components are “FeO x ”-CaO-SiO2, are widely used in copper smelting and converting operations. In the current study, high-temperature equilibration and rapid quenching techniques were used to study the phase equilibria of the ferrous calcium silicate slags. The compositions of phases in the slags were measured accurately using electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA). The phase equilibria of the system have been characterized at oxygen partial pressures between 10−5 atm and 10−7 atm at selected temperatures between 1473 K and 1623 K (1200 °C and 1350 °C). The effects of oxygen partial pressure and temperature on the compositions of phases in the slags are presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W.G. Davenport, M. King, M. Schlesinger, and A.K. Biswas: Extractive Metallurgy of Copper, 4th ed., Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford, UK, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J.P.T. Kapusta: JOM, 2004, vol. 56 (7), pp. 21–27.

  3. I. Shigaki, M. Sawada, O. Tsuchiya, K. Yoshioka, and T. Takahashi: Tetsu-to-Hagane, 1984, vol. 70, no. 16, pp. 2208–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Kimura, S. Endo, K. Yajima, and F. Tsukihashi: ISIJ Int., 2004, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 2040–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. H.M. Henao, F. Kongoli, and K. Itagaki: Mater. Trans., 2005, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 812–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Nikolic, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2008, vol. 39B, pp. 179–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Nikolic, H. Henao, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2008, vol. 39B, no. 2, pp. 189–99.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Nikolic, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2008, vol. 39, pp. 200–09.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. H. Henao, C. Nexhip, D.P. George-Kennedy, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2010, vol. 41B, pp. 767–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. H. Henao, C. Pizarro, C. Font, A. Moyano, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2010, vol. 41B, pp. 1186–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R.A. Mendybaev, J.R. Becket, E. Stopler, and L. Grossman: Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., 1998, vol. 62, pp. 3131–39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. E. Jak, P.C. Hayes, and H.G. Lee: Kor. IMM J., 1995, vol. 1, pp. 1–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Nikolic, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2008, vol. 39B, pp. 210–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. T. Hidayat, H.M. Henao, P.C. Hayes, and E. Jak: Proceedings of the 7th International Copper-Cobre Conf. 2010, GDMB, Hamburg, Germany, 2010, vol. 2, pp. 761–78.

  15. N.L. Bowen, J.F. Schairer, and E. Posnjak: Am. J. Sci., 1933, vol. 26, pp. 193–284.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Australian Research Council Linkage program, Xstrata Technology, Xstrata Copper, BHP Billiton Olympic Dam Operation, Outotec Oyj, and Rio Tinto Kennecott Utah Copper, Corp., for their financial support. The authors also thank University of Queensland Research Scholarship (UQRS) and Endeavour International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (IPRS) for providing scholarships for T. Hidayat. The authors acknowledge Ms Belinda Chen, Ms Jie Yu, Dr Hector M. Henao, and Dr Baojun Zhao from PYROSEARCH at The University of Queensland for their valuable help and discussions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pyrometallurgy Research Centre (PYROSEARCH), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Taufiq Hidayat (Postgraduate Student), Peter C. Hayes (Xstrata Professor) & Evgueni Jak (Professor)

Authors
  1. Taufiq Hidayat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peter C. Hayes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Evgueni Jak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Taufiq Hidayat.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted May 3, 2011.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hidayat, T., Hayes, P.C. & Jak, E. Experimental Study of Ferrous Calcium Silicate Slags: Phase Equilibria at \( {\text{P}}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} \) Between 10−5 atm and 10−7 atm. Metall Mater Trans B 43, 14–26 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-011-9569-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-011-9569-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation