Abstract
A fast two-color pyrometer has been constructed and applied to simultaneous temperature and size measurements of individual chalcopyrite particles (CuFeS2) during flash oxidation in a laminar flow reactor. The influence of different oxygen concentrations (0, 10, 20, 50, and 75 vol pct), gas temperatures (1073 and 1273 K), particle size fractions (53 to 74 μm and 74 to 150 μm), and reaction times (up to 0.17 seconds) on chalcopyrite particle temperature and size distributions was studied. The particle reaction rates were characterized by the sulfur mass in the solid reaction product. Particle temperatures ranged from the ambient gas temperature up to 2700 K. A strong correlation between the oxygen concentration and the median particle temperature was observed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E.J. Peuraniemi, J. Järvi, and A. Jokilaakso: Copper 99-Cobre 99, Vol. VI—Smelting, Technology Development, Process Modeling and Fundamentals, C. Diaz, C. Landolt, and T. Utigard, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1999, pp. 463–76.
F.R.A. Jorgensen and E.R. Segnit: Proc. Aust. Inst. Min. Metall., 1977, vol. 261, pp. 39–46.
F.R.A. Jorgensen and M. Zuiderwyk: J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 1985, vol. 18, pp. 486–91.
N. Tuffrey, G. Richards, and J. Brimacombe: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1995, vol. 26B, pp. 929–70.
G.J. Morgan and J. Brimacombe: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1996, vol. 27B, pp. 163–75.
M.A. Nettleton: Combust. Flame, 1965, vol. 9, pp. 311–16.
R.E. Mitchell and W.J. McLean: 19th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1982, pp. 1113–22.
L.D. Timothy, A.F. Sarofim, and J.M. Béer: 19th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion. The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1982, pp. 1123–30.
D.A. Tichenor, R.E. Mitchell, K.R. Hencken, and S. Niksa: 20th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1984, pp. 1213–21.
B.C. Young, D.P. McCollor, B.J. Weber, and M.L. Jones: Fuel, 1988, vol. 67, pp. 40–44.
T.H. Fletcher: Combust. Sci. Technol., 1989, vol. 63, pp. 89–105.
Y.A. Levendis, K.R. Estrada, and H.C. Hottel: Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1992, vol. 63, pp. 3608–22.
A.R. Schroeder, D.M. Thompson, G.G. Daves, R.O. Buckius, H. Krier, and E. Peters: 24th Symp. (Int.) on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1992, pp. 1161–69.
R.F. Cope, C.R. Monson, G.J. Germane, and W.C. Hecker: Energy and Fuels, 1994, vol. 8, pp. 925–31.
S. Clausen and L.H. Sørensen: Energy and Fuels, 1996, vol. 10, pp. 1133–41.
J. Stenberg, W.J. Frederick, S. Boström, R. Hernberg, and M. Hupa: Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1996, vol. 67, pp. 1976–84.
T. Joutsenoja, J. Stenberg, R. Hernberg, and M. Aho: Appl. Opt., 1997, vol. 36, pp. 1525–35.
T. Joutsenoja, J. Saastamoinen, M. Aho, and R. Hernberg: Energy and Fuels, 1999, vol. 13, pp. 130–45.
T. Joutsenoja: Ph.D. Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland, 1998, pp. 4–48.
T. Laurila: Master’s Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland, 1998, pp. 24–25, 66–67.
T. Joutsenoja and R. Hernberg: Appl. Opt., 1998, vol. 37, pp. 3487–93.
A. Roine: Outokumpu HSC Chemistry® software and thermochemical database, version 5.1, Outokumpu Research Oy, Pori, Finland, 1999.
R.C. Weast: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 64th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1983, p. E-386.
T. Ahokainen and A. Jokilaakso: Can. Metall. Q., 1998, vol. 37, pp. 275–83.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Laurila, T., Hernberg, R., Oikari, R. et al. Pyrometric temperature and size measurements of chalcopyrite particles during flash oxidation in a laminar flow reactor. Metall Mater Trans B 36, 201–208 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-005-0021-4
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-005-0021-4