Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A model for prediction of pressure and redistribution of gas-forming elements in multicomponent casting alloys

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A finite element model for simulating macrosegregation in multicomponent alloys is extended to include the calculation of pressure and redistribution of gas-forming elements during solidification. The model solves the conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy, and alloy components, including gas-forming elements such as hydrogen and nitrogen. The results of transport calculations are contrasted with thermodynamic equilibrium conditions to establish the possible formation of pores, assuming that there is no barrier to nucleation of the pores. By solving the transport of gaseous solutes and comparing their Sievert’s pressure with the local pressure, the new mode can predict regions of possible formation of intergranular porosity. Simulations were performed for a nickel-base alloy (INCONEL 718) in plate castings with equiaxed structure, and the evolution of microporosity for different initial concentrations of hydrogen and nitrogen was analyzed. The simulations showed that during solidification and cooling, a large fraction of the hydrogen escapes and a smaller fraction of nitrogen escapes from the casting. The initial gas concentration is an important factor in porosity formation, but the pressure drop due to shrinkage flow is not very significant. The resulting gas porosity is rather insensitive to initial nitrogen concentration, but sensitive to the concentration of hydrogen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. Kubo and R.D. Pehlke: Metall. Trans. B, 1985, vol. 16B, pp. 359–66.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D.R. Poirier, K. Yeum, and A.L. Maples: Metall. Trans. A, 1986, vol. 18A, pp. 1979–87.

    Google Scholar 

  3. G.K. Sigworth and C. Wang: Metall. Trans. B, 1993, vol. 24B, pp. 349–64.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. P.D. Lee and J.D. Hunt: in Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes VII, M. Cross and J. Campbel, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1995, pp. 585–92.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. Ahmed, T. Chadwick, M. Makhlouf, and D. Apelian: in Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes VII, M. Cross and J. Campbel, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1995, pp. 577–84.

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. Huang, T. Mori, and J.G. Conley: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1998, vol. 29B, pp. 1249–60.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D.R. Poirier and K. Yeum: Proc. 35th Annual Technical Meeting Investment Casting Institute, Washington, DC, Oct. 5–7, 1987, Investment Casting Institute, Dallas, TX, pp. 13:1–13:33.

    Google Scholar 

  8. R.A. Overfelt, V. Sahai, Y.K. Ko, and J.T. Berry: in Superalloys 718, 625, 706, and Various Derivatives, E.A. Loria, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 189–200.

    Google Scholar 

  9. S. Minakawa, I.V. Samarasekera, and F. Weinberg: Metall. Trans. B, 1985, vol. 16B, pp. 823–29.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. D.R. Poirier, M.M. Andrews, and A.L. Maples: Proc. 1st Int. Steel Foundry Congr. J. Svoboda, W. Froelich, and S. Rodriguez, eds., Steel Founder Society of America, Des Plaines, IL, 1985, pp. 307–22.

    Google Scholar 

  11. S.D. Felicelli, J.C. Heinrich, and D.R. Poirier: Int. J. Num. Meth. Fluids, 1998, vol. 27, pp. 207–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Ganesan and D.R. Poirier: Metall. Trans. B, 1990, vol. 21B, pp. 163–81.

    Google Scholar 

  13. D.R. Poirier, P.J. Nandapurkar, and S. Ganesan: Metall. Trans. B, 1991, vol. 22B, pp. 889–900.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D.R. Poirier and G.H. Geiger: Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 93–94.

    Google Scholar 

  15. M.S. Bhat: Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  16. M.C. Flemings: Solidification Processing, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1974, pp. 203–10.

    Google Scholar 

  17. S.D. Felicelli, J.C. Heinrich, and D.R. Poirier: Num. Heat Transfer B, 1993, vol. 23, pp. 461–81.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. E. McBride, J.C. Heinrich, and D.R. Poirier: Int. J. Num. Meth. Fluids, 1999, vol. 31, pp. 787–800.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. P.K. Sung, D.R. Poirier, and E. McBride: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1997, vol. A231, pp. 189–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. W.J. Boettinger, U.R. Kattner, S.R. Coriell, Y.A. Chang, and B.A. Mueller: in Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes VII, M. Cross and J. Campbell, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1995, pp. 649–56.

    Google Scholar 

  21. P.K. Sung and D.R. Poirier: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, vol. 30A, pp. 2173–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. R.E. Taylor, H. Groot, and J. Ferrier: Report No. TPRL 1347(IN718), Thermophysical Properties Research Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 1994.

  23. P.N. Quested, K.C. Mills, R.F. Brooks, A.P. Day, R. Taylor, and H. Szelagowski: Proc. Int. Symp. on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting, Santa Fe, NM, Feb. 16–19, 1997, A. Mitchell and P. Auburtin, eds., Vacuum Metallurgy Conference, American Vaccuum Society, New York, NY, pp. 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  24. T.P. Perng, M.J. Johnson, and C.J. Altstetter: Metall. Trans. A, 1988, vol. 19A, pp. 1187–92.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. E.M. Sacris and N.A.D. Parlee: Metall. Trans., 1970, vol. 1, pp. 3377–82.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. H.J. Grabke: in Chemical Metallurgy—A Tribute to Carl Wagner, N.A. Gokcen, ed., TMS-AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1981, pp. 375–86.

    Google Scholar 

  27. L.A. Andreev, Y. Minaev, and E.G. Edlis: Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall., 1986, No. 2, pp. 142–43.

  28. J.F. Elliot, M. Gleiser, and V. Ramakrishna: Thermochemistry for Steelmaking, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1963, vol. II, p. 694.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Smithells Metals Reference Book, 7th ed., E.A. Brandes and G.B. Brook, eds., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1992, pp. 13–19.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Diffusion and Defect Data, Metals and Alloys, F.H. Wöhlbier, ed., Trans Tech S.A., Aedermannsdorf, Switzerland, 1979, vols. 18–19, p. 201.

    Google Scholar 

  31. G.K. Sigworth, J.F. Elliot, G. Vaughn, and G.H. Geiger: Trans. TMS-CIM, 1977, Annual volume, pp. 104–10.

  32. E. Schürman, M. Sittard, and R. Volker: Steel Res., 1986, vol. 57, pp. 546–51.

    Google Scholar 

  33. E. Schürman, M. Sittard, and R. Volker: Z. Metallkd., 1987, vol. 78, pp. 457–66.

    Google Scholar 

  34. M.C. Monteiro Dias and N. Shohoji: J. Mater. Sci., 1992, vol. 27, pp. 5154–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Y.U. Latash, G.F. Torkhov, Y.I. Kostenko, and N.N. Kalinyuk: Russ. Metall., 1986, No. 1, pp. 45–49.

  36. D. Bouchard and J.S. Kirkaldy: J. Alloys Compounds, 1999, vol. 283, pp. 311–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. V. Shapovalov: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, private communication, 1999.

  38. J. Xu, X.K. Sun, Q.Q. Liu, and W.X. Chen: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 539–44.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. S.D. Felicelli, D.R. Poirier, A.F. Giamei, and J.C. Heinrich: JOM, 1997, vol. 49 (3), pp. 21–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. D.R. Poirier: in Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes VIII, B.G. Thomas and C. Beckermann, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1998, pp. 837–48.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Y.K. Ko and J.T. Berry: in Superalloys 718, 625, 706, and Various Derivatives, E.A. Loria, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1994, pp. 201–12.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Atómico Bariloche, 8400, S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina

    S. D. Felicelli (Research Scientist)

  2. the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ

    D. R. Poirier (Professor) & P. K. Sung (Research Associate)

Authors
  1. S. D. Felicelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. R. Poirier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. K. Sung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Felicelli, S.D., Poirier, D.R. & Sung, P.K. A model for prediction of pressure and redistribution of gas-forming elements in multicomponent casting alloys. Metall Mater Trans B 31, 1283–1292 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-000-0016-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-000-0016-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation