Abstract
The limiting drawing ratio of an AA2014 Al-Cu alloy sheet has been increased from a value of 1.8 in uniform, annealed material to a value of 2.6 by the use of differential heat treatment. That treatment involved setting up a transient thermal gradient to give a gradient of solid solution, which then led to a large strength gradient after quenching and aging. Both the heat treatment and the cup drawing process were modeled to predict an optimum treatment. The finite-element modeling (FEM) method was used to simulate cup drawing, with a material description that included plastic anisotropy, which is known to have a significant influence on the process.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W.T. Lankford, S.C. Snyder, and J.A. Bauscher: Trans. ASM, 1950, vol. 42, pp. 1197–1225.
R.L. Whiteley: Trans. Am. Soc. Met., 1960, vol. 52, pp. 154–63.
D.V. Wilson and R.D. Butler: J. Inst. Met., 1961–62, vol. 90, pp. 473–83.
R. Hill: The Mathematical Theory of Plasticity, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1950, pp. 318–25.
W.F. Hosford and C. Kim: Metall. Trans. A, 1976, vol. 7A, pp. 469–72.
R.W. Logan, D.J. Meuleman, and W.F. Hosford: in Formability and Metallurgical Structures, A.K. Sachdev and J.D. Embury, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1987, pp. 159–73.
P. Van Houtte, K. Mols, A. Van Bael, and E. Aemoudt: Textures Microstr., 1989, vol. 11, pp. 23–39.
B. Bacroix and P. Gilormini: Modeling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng., 1995, vol. 3, pp. 1–21.
P. Van Houtte, A. Van Bael, and J. Winters: Textures Microstr., 1995, vol. 24, pp. 255–72.
D.V. Wilson, W.T. Roberts, N.K. Wong, and P.K. Sengupta: Proc. 3rd. Int. Conf. on Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, K.J. Miller and R.F. Smith, eds., Pergamon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1979, vol. 2, pp. 583–93.
E.G. Maeder: Engineering, 1956, vol. 181, pp. 48–52.
H.-J. Bunge and W.T. Roberts: J. Appl. Cryst., 1969, vol. 2, pp. 116–28.
G.I. Taylor: J. Inst. Met., 1938, vol. 62, pp. 307–24.
J.-Q. Jiang and P.S. Bate: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1996, vol. 27A, pp. 3250–58.
M.G. Hall and C.W. Haworth: Acta Metall, 1970, vol. 18, pp. 331–37.
W.F. Hosford and R.H. Zeisloft: Metall. Trans., 1972, vol. 3, pp. 113–21.
P. Bate, W.T. Roberts, and D.V. Wilson: Acta Metall., 1981, vol. 29, pp. 1797–1814.
N. Rebelo, J.C. Nagtegaal, and H.D. Hibbitt: Int. J. Num. Methods Eng., 1990, vol. 30, pp. 1739–58.
J.C. Nagtegaal and F.E. Veldpaus: in Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes, J.F.T. Pittman, R.D. Wood, J.M. Alexander, and O.C. Zienkiewicz, eds., Pineridge, Swansea, 1982, pp. 1–15.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bate, P.S., Barrett, D.J. & Schofield, H. Increasing the drawability of AA2014 Al-Cu by differential heat treatment. Metall Mater Trans A 29, 1405–1414 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0355-z
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0355-z