Abstract
The creep behavior of spray-formed γ-TiAl with a fine, equiaxed fully lamellar (FL) microstructure was studied in a temperature-stress regime of 780 °C to 850 °C and 180 to 320 MPa. An apparent stress exponent of 4.3 and an activation energy of 342 kJ/mol were observed in the high-temperature high-stress regime. Compared with the FL γ-TiAl which was obtained through conventional casting+heat treatment processes, the spray-formed γ-TiAl exhibited higher creep resistance. The higher creep resistance observed in the present study was discussed in light of the interstitial level, the chemical composition, the grain size, and the interlocking of lamellae at the grain boundary, which in turn may be a function of interlamellar spacing and the step height of the serrated grain boundaries. It was suggested that the small interlamellar spacing and possibly larger step height may contribute to the higher creep resistance observed in the present study.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E.L. Hall and S.C. Huang: Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 38, pp. 539–49.
Y.W. Kim: JOM, 1994, vol. 46, pp. 30–39.
Y.W. Kim: Acta Metall. Mater., 1992, vol. 40, pp. 1121–34.
S.C. Huang: Metall. Trans. A, 1992, vol. 23A, pp. 375–77.
K.S. Chan and Y.M. Kim: Acta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 439–51.
D.I. Kimm and J. Wolfenstine: Scripta Metall. Mater., 1994, vol. 30, pp. 615–19.
J. Zhang, R.J. Perez, and E.J. Lavernia: Acta Metall. Mater., 1994, vol. 42, pp. 395–409.
X. Liang and E.J. Lavernia: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1994, vol. 25A, pp. 2341–55.
X. Liang, J.C. Earthman, and E.J. Lavernia: Acta Metall. Mater., 1992, vol. 40, pp. 3003–16.
Y. Wu, J. Zhang, and E.J. Lavernia: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1994, vol. 25B, pp. 135–47.
A.R.E. Singer: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1991, vol. 135A, pp. 13–17.
B. Li, W. Cai, and E.J. Lavernia: J. Mater. Synth. Proc., 1996, vol. 4, pp. 35–41.
J.W. Sears: 1992 Powder Metallurgy World Congr., J.M. Capus and R.M. German, eds., MPIF/APMI, Princeton, NJ, 1992, pp. 281–90.
D.G. Morris, M.A. Morris, S. Gunter, M. Leboeuf, and G. Hollrigl: Scripta Metall. Mater., 1992, vol. 27, p. 1645.
M.F. Bartholomeusz, Q. Yang, and J.A. Wert: Scripta Metall. Mater., 1993, vol. 29, pp. 389–94.
S.C. Cheng, J. Wolfenstine, and O.D. Sherby: Metall. Trans. A, 1992, vol. 23A, pp. 1509–13.
M.F. Ashby and B.F. Dyson: in Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Fracture, S.R. Valluri, D.M.R. Taplin, P. Rama Rao, J.F. Knott, and R. Dubey, eds., Pergamon, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1984, pp. 3–30.
J.H. Schneibel and J.A. Horton: J. Mater. Res., 1988, vol. 3, pp. 651–55.
K.J. Hemker, M.J. Mills, and W.D. Nix: Acta Metall. Mater., 1991, vol. 39, pp. 1901–13.
M. Es-Souni, A. Bartels, and R. Wagner: Acta Metall. Mater., 1995, vol. 43, pp. 153–61.
M. Es-Souni, A. Bartels, and R. Wagner: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1993, vol. 171A, pp. 127–41.
O.D. Sherby and P.M. Burke: Progr. Mater. Sci., 1967, vol. 13, pp. 325–90.
A.K. Mukherjee, J. Bird, and J.E. Dorn: Trans. ASM, 1969, vol. 62, pp. 155–79.
J. Cadek: Creep in Metallic Materials, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988.
S. Kroll, H. Mehrer, N. Stolwijk, C. Herzig, R. Rosenkranz, and G. Frommeyer: Z. Metallkd., 1992, vol. 83, pp. 591–95.
R.W. Hayes and P.A. McQuay: Scripta Metall. Mater., 1994, vol. 30, pp. 259–64.
B.D. Worth, J.W. Jones, and J.E. Allison: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1995, vol. 26A, pp. 2947–60.
M. Es-Souni, A. Bartels, and R. Wagner: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1995, vols. 192A–193A, pp. 698–706.
J. Wolfenstine, G. Gonzalez-Doncel, and O.D. Sherby: J. Mater. Res., 1990, vol. 5, pp. 1359–62.
J. Wolfenstine and G. Gonzalez-Doncel: Mater. Lett., 1994, vol. 18, pp. 286–90.
B.D. Worth, J.W. Jones, and J.E. Allison: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1995, vol. 26A, pp. 2961–72.
G. Hug, A. Loiseau, and A. Lasalmonie: Phil. Mag., 1986, vol. 54A, pp. 47–65.
S.I. Hong and C. Laird: Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 38, pp. 1581–94.
J.H. Hausselt and W.D. Nix: Acta Metall., 1977, vol. 25, pp. 1491–1502.
R.W. Lund and W.D. Nix: Metall. Trans. A, 1975, vol. 6A, pp. 1329–33.
G.F. Hancock and B.R. McDonnell: Phys. Status Solidi, 1971, vol. 4A, pp. 143–51.
H. Oikawa: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1992, vol. 153A, pp. 427–32.
K. Maruyama, T. Takahashi, and H. Oikawa: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1992, vol. 153A, pp. 433–37.
Y.W. Kim and D.M. Dimiduk: JOM, 1991, vol. 43, pp. 40–47.
R.W. Hayes and B. London: Acta Metall. Mater., 1992, vol. 40, pp. 2167–75.
A. Chakraborty and J.C. Earthman: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1997, vol. 28A, pp. 0000-00.
P.M. Anderson and J.R. Rice: Acta Metall., 1985, vol. 33, pp. 409–22.
C.M. McCullogh, J.J. Valencia, C.G. Levi, and R. Mehrabian: Acta Metall. Mater., 1989, vol. 37, pp. 1321–36.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, B., Wolfenstine, J., Earthman, J.C. et al. Compressive creep behavior of spray-formed gamma titanium aluminide. Metall Mater Trans A 28, 1849–1857 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0115-5
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0115-5