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Effects of Magnetic Field on Microstructure, Phase Transformation and Ferrite Growth in Directionally Solidified Gray Cast Iron

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Abstract

Advanced technologies and methods used in artificially tailoring the microstructure of Fe–C-based alloy hold the brilliant application prospect. Here, we demonstrate that the high magnetic field can decrease the flake graphite spacing, induce the disappearance of primary graphite, increase the eutectoid ferrite nucleation sites, and enhance the grain size distribution homogeneity of the eutectoid ferrite in the directionally solidified gray cast iron. These phenomena are mainly attributed to the magnetization behavior of the diffusion boundary layer and the different magnetizations between austenite and ferrite under the application of the magnetic field. Due to the magnetization of the diffusion boundary layer, the diffusion of C atoms is hindered, thus resulting in a decreased graphite spacing. The enhancement of the eutectoid ferrite nucleation is stemming from an increased eutectoid transformation temperature and the reduction of incubation time for the eutectoid transformation under the magnetic field. Further, the increased eutectoid transformation temperature also endows the decreased amount of the deformed ferrite grains and an amplified growth temperature range for ferrite, then the frequency of the low-angle misorientations reduces and that of the low-mobility CSL boundaries increases. In addition, because of the interaction among magnetic dipoles and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, ferrite grains and graphite tend to align along the magnetic field direction. The current work is a successful demonstration of using the high magnetic field to tailor the solidification microstructure of gray cast iron, and paves a way for the development of the high-performance gray cast iron for industrial applications.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51904183, 51690164, and 52130204) and Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Grant (19XD1401600 and 19010500300);

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China

    Fei Li & Xi Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P.R. China

    Jiantao Wang, Zhipeng Long, Qiuyue Jiang, Long Hou, Xing Yu & Xi Li

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  1. Jiantao Wang
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Wang, J., Long, Z., Jiang, Q. et al. Effects of Magnetic Field on Microstructure, Phase Transformation and Ferrite Growth in Directionally Solidified Gray Cast Iron. Metall Mater Trans A 54, 2631–2644 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07042-8

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