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Hydrogen-Induced Martensitic Transformation and Twinning in Fe45Mn35Cr10Co10

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Abstract

Hydrogen embrittlement can occur in steels with metastable phases, due to activation of the hydrogen-enhanced decohesion mechanism upon transformation. Meanwhile, recent investigations suggest that alloys undergoing ε-martensite transformation may exhibit resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. To better understand hydrogen effects in these alloys, we investigate the hydrogen-induced microstructural transformations in a metastable Fe45Mn35Co10Cr10 alloy. To this end, we electrochemically charge unstrained samples, quantify the hydrogen evolution by thermal desorption spectroscopy, and observe microstructural transformations by scanning electron microscopy techniques. Through these analyses, we find that the hydrogen-induced ε-martensite formation is dependent on the crystallographic orientation of the austenite grains, and takes place preferentially along Σ3 boundaries. Further charging of hydrogen induces extension twinning within the martensite. We examine the microstructural factors influencing these transformations to better understand the hydrogen-microstructure interactions.

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Fig. 1

reproduced from Ref. [43] with permission of the author (Figure 1(c) is reproduced with permission from Plastic strain-induced sequential martensitic transformation by S.L. Wei et. al. published in Scripta Materialia, vol.185 (2020), Ref. [43].). (d) Experimental TDS curve for a sample H charged for 106 hours, along with deconvoluted peaks (dashed lines) corresponding H release at increasing energies: (1) diffusible hydrogen, (2) thermal ε-γ transformation, (3) Σ3 twin boundaries

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office within the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under award number DE-EE0008830, and the Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research under ONR award number N00014-18-1-2284. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of Naval Research. The authors would like to thank Shaolou Wei and Gaoming Zhu for their contributions.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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  1. M. R. Ronchi and H. Yan have equally contributed.

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  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    M. R. Ronchi, H. Yan & C. C. Tasan

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Manuscript submitted May 23, 2021, accepted October 10, 2021.

Appendix

Appendix

See Figures A1, A2 and A3.

Fig. A1
figure 11

Grain boundary map of the sample before H charging, corresponding to the H charged sample in Fig. 5. Grain boundaries were mapped by EBSD. Σ3 boundaries are highlighted in blue, and high-angle GBs in cyan. Other CSL boundaries were non-existent except for the single Σ5 boundary shown in purple, which did not correspond to any martensite formation. Points colored black are not indexed due to low image quality in these regions

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Fig. A2
figure 12

EBSD phase maps of a single sample (a) after 15 pct pre-strain, and (b) after 55 hours of H charging. (c) and (d) are EBSD twin parent-daughter maps of the same sample region after 55 hours of H charging, where (d) is an enlarged region from (c). Black pixels represent points of the EBSD scan with a confidence index lower than 0.02

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Fig. A3
figure 13

EBSD inverse pole figure maps of a single sample, (a) before H charging, (b) after 55 hours H charging, and (c) after H desorption at room temperature for 180 days. (d) Orientation change after desorption measured at the 10 locations labeled in (a), which are points where twinning occurred in (b), i.e. 10 twin instances. Red data points in the graph mark orientation changes comparing (c) to (a), i.e., the change in orientation from the original material state to the desorbed state. Blue data points mark the orientation difference between (c) and (b), i.e., the orientation change from just after H is added to the material to the desorbed state

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Ronchi, M.R., Yan, H. & Tasan, C.C. Hydrogen-Induced Martensitic Transformation and Twinning in Fe45Mn35Cr10Co10. Metall Mater Trans A 53, 432–448 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06498-w

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