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Facile One-Step Preparation of 3D Nanoporous Cu/Cu6Sn5 Microparticles as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Superior Lithium Storage Properties

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Abstract

In this article, three-dimensional nanoporous Cu/Cu6Sn5 microparticles (3D-NP Cu/Cu6Sn5 MPs) were prepared by one-step chemical dealloying of Cu20Sn80 (at%) alloy slices in a mixed aqueous solution of HF and HNO3 and then filled into a three-dimensional porous copper foam (3D-PCF) skeleton as anode (3D-PCF@Cu/Cu6Sn5) for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The results show that the ellipsoidal 3D-NP Cu/Cu6Sn5 MPs with feature sizes of 3 to 8 μm are composed of numerous uniform nanoparticles (100 to 200 nm) and plenty of voids. Compared with similar Sn-based electrodes in this work and other published reports, the as-prepared electrode delivers more outstanding electrochemical performance with a superior reversible capacity of 1.90 mAh cm−2, 84.44% capacity retention and > 99.5% coulombic efficiency upon 200 cycles. The cycling stability and integrity of the overall structure of the composite electrode have been greatly enhanced under the synergistic effect of the buffer effect of copper as the inactive component, the unique hierarchical porous electrode architecture and the effective limitation in three dimensions of the 3D-PCF skeleton. We are confident that this work can provide new-generation LIBs with a promising anode candidate and a facile method of dealloying, and a subsequent filling step can achieve the practical production and application of high-performance LIBs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the following for the financial support: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51604177), the State Key Basic Research Program of PRC (2013CB934001), the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (GRF PolyU152174/17E), the Hong Kong Scholars Program (XJ2014045, G-YZ67), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M570784), the International S&T Innovation Cooperation Program of Sichuan Province (2020YFH0039), the Chengdu International S&T Cooperation Funded Project (2019-GH02-00015-HZ), the “1000 Talents Plan” of Sichuan Province, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the Experimental Technology Project of Sichuan University (20200080), and the Talent Introduction Program of Sichuan University (YJ201410). Additionally, the authors especially thank Dr. Shanling Wang (Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University) for help in TEM characterization.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P.R. China

    Peng Xiang, Wenbo Liu & Xue Chen

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China

    Shichao Zhang

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P.R. China

    Sanqiang Shi

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  1. Peng Xiang
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Correspondence to Wenbo Liu.

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Manuscript submitted April 9, 2020.

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Xiang, P., Liu, W., Chen, X. et al. Facile One-Step Preparation of 3D Nanoporous Cu/Cu6Sn5 Microparticles as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Superior Lithium Storage Properties. Metall Mater Trans A 51, 5965–5973 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05980-1

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