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Strain-Rate Dependence of the Martensitic Transformation Behavior in a 10 Pct Ni Multi-phase Steel Under Compression

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A volume 51, pages 5101–5109 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

The deformation-induced transformation of metastable austenite to martensite can contribute to improved performance of many steel alloys in a range of applications. For example, one class of Ni-containing steels that has undergone consecutive heat treatments of quenching (Q), lamellarization (L), and tempering (T) exhibits improved ballistic resistance and low-temperature impact toughness. To better understand the origin of this improvement, we tracked the volume fraction of austenite present in a QLT 10 wt pct Ni steel during compression at low and high strain rates (\(\dot{\varepsilon }={0.001}\,{{\text{s}}^{-1}}\) and \(\dot{\varepsilon }\simeq {2500}\,{{\text{s}}^{-1}}\), respectively) using ex situ vibrating sample magnetometry measurements and in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements. We observe that the austenite-to-martensite transformation occurs more readily during quasi-static loading than during dynamic loading, even at small values of applied strain, which is qualitatively different from the behavior of steels known to undergo a strain-induced martensitic transformation mechanism. We propose that the strain-rate dependence of transformation in the QLT 10 pct Ni steel is dominated by the transformation in small austenite particles, where stress-assisted martensitic transformation is likely to be the dominant mechanism. Indirect evidence for this hypothesis is provided by electron backscatter diffraction measurements of deformed specimens.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Nicholas Jones for assistance with the VSM measurements. PKL acknowledges OSD-T&E (Office of Secretary Defense-Test and Evaluation), Defense-Wide/PE0601120D8Z National Defense Education Program (NDEP)/BA-1, Basic Research, for financial support of this work. CJH, AFTL, and TCH gratefully acknowledge support from the Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement No. W911NF-12-2-0022. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein. TCH acknowledges additional support from the Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research under ONR Award Number N00014-18-1-2604. XJZ gratefully acknowledges support from this research through Dr. W.M. Mullins, Program Manager of the Office of Naval Research, Structural Metals Naval Materials Science and Technology, is greatly appreciated. This publication is based upon work performed at the Dynamic Compression Sector supported by the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, under Award Number DE-NA0002442 and operated by Washington State University. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218-2681, USA

    C. J. Hustedt, K. M. Lee, A. F. T. Leong & T. C. Hufnagel

  2. Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA

    P. K. Lambert & X. J. Zhang

  3. U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, 21005, USA

    D. T. Casem & B. E. Schuster

  4. Dynamic Compression Sector, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    N. Sinclair

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  1. P. K. Lambert
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Manuscript submitted March 9, 2020.

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Lambert, P.K., Hustedt, C.J., Casem, D.T. et al. Strain-Rate Dependence of the Martensitic Transformation Behavior in a 10 Pct Ni Multi-phase Steel Under Compression. Metall Mater Trans A 51, 5101–5109 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05913-y

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