Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental and Statistical Study on Machinability of the Composite Materials with Metal Matrix Al/B4C/Graphite

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, four types of Al/B4C/Graphite metal matrix composites (MMCs) were produced by means of a hot-pressing technique with reinforcement elements, B4C 8 wt pct and graphite (nickel coated) 0, 3, 5, and 7 wt pct. Machinability tests of MMC materials thus produced were conducted using four different cutting speeds (100, 140, 180, and 220 m/min), three different feed rates (0.1, 0.15, and 0.20 mm/rev), and a fixed cutting depth (0.5 mm), and the effects of the cutting parameters on the average surface roughness were examined. After the machinability tests, the height of the built-up edge (BUE) formed on the cutting tools related to the cutting speed and feed rate was measured. The test results were examined by designing a matrix according to the full factorial design and the average surface roughness, and the most important factors leading to formation of the BUE were analyzed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). As a result of analysis, it was found that the lowest surface roughness value was with 7 wt pct graphite MMC material, while the highest was without graphite powder. Based on the statistical analysis results, it was observed that the most important factor affecting average surface roughness was the type of MMC material, the second most effective factor was the feed rate, and the least effective factor was the cutting speed. Furthermore, it was found that the most important factor affecting the formation of the BUE was the type of MMC material, the second most effective factor was the cutting speed, and the least effective factor was the feed rate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M.K. Sanjay: Composites Manufacturing, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Pul and U. Şeker: J. Politech., 2014, vol. 17, pp. 99–106.

    Google Scholar 

  3. William C. Harrigan, Jr.: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1998, vol. 244, pp. 75–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Sekhar and T.P. Singh: J. Mater. Res. Technol., 2015, pp. 197–207.

  5. G.B.K. Veeresh, C.S.P. Rao, N. Sevaraj, and M.S. Bhagyashekar: J. Miner. Mater. Charact. Eng., 2010, vol. 99, pp. 43–55.

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. Baradaswaran and A.E. Perumal: Compos. Part B: Eng., 2013, vol. 54, pp. 146–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. K.B. Khan, T.R.G. Kutty, and M.K. Surappa: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2006, vol. 427, pp. 76–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Zhang, K.T. Ramesh, and E.S.C. Chin: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2004, vol. 384, pp. 26–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Sun, C. Liu, and R. Wang: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2009, vol. 519, pp. 27–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. S. Yamada, K. Hirao, Y. Yamauchi et al.: J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2003, vol. 23, pp. 1123–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. B.S. Lee and S. Kang: Mater. Chem. Phys., 2001, vol. 67, pp. 249–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Yamada, K. Hirao, Y. Yamauchi, and S. Kanzaki: J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2003, vol. 23, pp. 561–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Tdriolle, F. Thevenot, M. Aizenstein, M.P. Dariel, N. Frumin, and N. Frage: J. Solid State Chem., 2004, vol. 177, pp. 400–06.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Deng, J. Zhou, Y. Feng, and Z. Ding: Ceram. Int., 2002, vol. 28, pp. 425–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. A.R. Kennedy and B. Brampton: Scripta Mater., 2001, vol. 44, pp. 1077–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Ekici: Inst. Sci. Technol., 2012, pp. 113–76.

  17. S.G. Upadhyaya: Cambridge International Science Publishing, 2002.

  18. Hydrogen Program Plan FY 1993–FY 1997, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 1998.

  19. W.D. Kingery and H.K. Bowen: Introduction to Ceramics, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 1976, pp. 501–03.

    Google Scholar 

  20. J.B. Griffiths: Penton Press, 2001, pp. 2–3.

  21. I.P. Arzibu and J.C. Perez: J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2003, vols. 143–44, pp. 390–96.

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Duran and A. Acır: J. Polytech., 2004, vol. 7, pp. 211–15.

    Google Scholar 

  23. G. Sur and M. Gülesin: 6th Int. Advanced Technologies Symp. (IATS’11), 2011, pp. 175–79.

  24. A. Baradeswaran and A.E. Perumal: Compos. Part B, 2014, vol. 56, pp. 464–71.

  25. A. Baradeswaran and A.E. Perumal: Compos. Part B, 2014, vol. 56, pp. 472–76.

  26. W. Ames and A.T. Alpas: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1995, vol. 26A, pp. 85–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Kestursatya, J.K. Kim, and P.K. Rohatgi: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003, vol. 339, pp. 150–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. B.K. Yen and T. Ishihara: Wear, 1996, pp. 169–75.

  29. S. Chenga, J. Miao, and W. Sheng: Renewable Energy, 2012, vol. 39, pp. 250–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. H. Jafari, H.M. İdris, and A. Shayganpour: Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc., 2013, vol. 23, pp. 2843–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. T. Kıvak: Measurement, 2014, vol. 50, pp. 19–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. M. Sudheer, R. Prabhu, K. Raju, and T. Bhat: Tribology, 2013, vol. 2013, pp. 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  33. A. Kumar, M.M. Mahapatra, and K.P. Jha: Measurement, 2014, vol. 48, pp. 325–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. R. Venkatesh, M.A. Hariharan, and N. Muthukrishnan: Proc. World Congr. on Engineering, 2009, vol. II, pp. 1–3.

    Google Scholar 

  35. H. Gökkaya: J. Eng. Sci., 2006, vol. 12, pp. 295–301.

    Google Scholar 

  36. J.B. Yang, C.B. Lin, T.C. Wang, and H.Y. Chu: Wear, 2004, vol. 257, pp. 941–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. A. Gomez-Parra, M. Alvarez-Alcon, J. Salguero, M. Batista, and M. Marcos: Wear, 2013, vol. 302, pp. 1209–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. H. Gökkaya and M. Nalbant: J. Fac. Eng. Arch., 2007, vol. 22, pp. 481–88.

    Google Scholar 

  39. J. K. Oishi: Mater. Process. Technol., 1996, vol. 62, pp. 331–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The authors sincerely thank the Karabük University Scientific Research Project Division for the financial support of Project No. KBÜ-BAP-13/2-DR-012.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cumayeri Vocational School, Endustriel Molding, University of Düzce, Mehmet Akif Mah. Cumhuriyet Cad. No: 71/A, 81700, Cumayeri/Düzce, Turkey

    Engin Nas

  2. Faculty of Engineering, Machine Engineering, University of Karabük, Balıklarkayası Campus, 78050, Karabük, Turkey

    Hasan Gökkaya

Authors
  1. Engin Nas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hasan Gökkaya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Engin Nas.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted December 26, 2016.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nas, E., Gökkaya, H. Experimental and Statistical Study on Machinability of the Composite Materials with Metal Matrix Al/B4C/Graphite. Metall Mater Trans A 48, 5059–5067 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4237-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4237-0

Search

Navigation