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Mechanism of Secondary Hardening in Rapid Tempering of Dual-Phase Steel

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Abstract

Dual-phase steel with ferrite-martensite-bainite microstructure exhibited secondary hardening in the subcritical heat affected zone during fiber laser welding. Rapid isothermal tempering conducted in a Gleeble simulator also indicated occurrence of secondary hardening at 773 K (500 °C), as confirmed by plotting the tempered hardness against the Holloman–Jaffe parameter. Isothermally tempered specimens were characterized by analytic transmission electron microscopy and high-angle annular dark-field imaging. The cementite (Fe3C) and TiC located in the bainite phase of DP steel decomposed upon rapid tempering to form needle-shaped Mo2C (aspect ratio ranging from 10 to 25) and plate-shaped M4C3 carbides giving rise to secondary hardening. Precipitation of these thermodynamically stable and coherent carbides promoted the hardening phenomenon. However, complex carbides were only seen in the tempered bainite and were not detected in the tempered martensite. The martensite phase decomposed into ferrite and spherical Fe3C, and interlath-retained austenite decomposed into ferrite and elongated carbide.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Dulal Chandra Saha (PhD Student), Sashank S. Nayak (Research Associate), Adrian P. Gerlich (Associate Professor) & Y. Zhou (Professor)

  2. ArcelorMittal Global Research, 1390 Burlington Street East, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3J5, Canada

    Elliot Biro (Manager Product Characterization)

Authors
  1. Dulal Chandra Saha
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  2. Sashank S. Nayak
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  3. Elliot Biro
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  4. Adrian P. Gerlich
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  5. Y. Zhou
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Correspondence to Dulal Chandra Saha.

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Manuscript submitted January 13, 2014.

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Saha, D.C., Nayak, S.S., Biro, E. et al. Mechanism of Secondary Hardening in Rapid Tempering of Dual-Phase Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 6153–6162 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2591-8

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