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Strengthening via the Formation of Strain-Induced Martensite and the Effects of Laser Marking on the Microstructure of Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Abstract

The deformation behavior and microstructure characteristics of 304L stainless steel during strip rolling and bar extrusion at different strains and temperatures, from room to liquid-nitrogen temperature, were investigated with Vickers hardness, light microscopy, and electron-backscatter-diffraction. The relative volume fractions of transformed martensite at different stages of the deformation process were assessed using Ferritescope MP-30. It was found that during rolling and extrusion the relative volume fraction of martensite increases with increasing strain and decreasing temperature. According to the enhancement of the mechanical and magnetic properties after isothermal treatment at 673 K (400 °C), it is assumed that both, ε-martensite and α′-martensite, are present in the deformation microstructure, indicating the simultaneous stress-induced transformation and strain-induced transformation of austenite. The effects of the laser surface treatment and the local appearance of a non-magnetic phase due to the α′ → γ transformation after the laser surface treatment were also investigated.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Slovenian Ministry of Economic Development and Technology, within the framework of RIP 09, for the Project “Absolute position measurement systems AMS-P”. The authors would like to thank Dr. Matjaž Torkar, Dr. Borivoj Šuštaršič, and Prof. Dr. Franc Vodopivec, from the Institute of Metals and Technology of Ljubljana, for discussions and helpful remarks during the investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Metals and Technology, Lepi Pot 11, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Vojteh Leskovšek (Researcher) & Matjaž Godec (Researcher)

  2. RLS Merilna tehnika d.o.o., Poslovna cona Žeje pri Komendi, Pod vrbami 2, 1218, Komenda, Slovenia

    Peter Kogej (Researcher)

Authors
  1. Vojteh Leskovšek
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  2. Matjaž Godec
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  3. Peter Kogej
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Correspondence to Vojteh Leskovšek.

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Manuscript submitted August 2, 2013.

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Leskovšek, V., Godec, M. & Kogej, P. Strengthening via the Formation of Strain-Induced Martensite and the Effects of Laser Marking on the Microstructure of Austenitic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 2819–2826 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2213-5

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