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Friction Stir Brazing: a Novel Process for Fabricating Al/Steel Layered Composite and for Dissimilar Joining of Al to Steel

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Abstract

A novel process of friction stir brazing (FSB) for fabricating Al/steel layered composite (by multipass) and for joining Al to steel (by single pass) was proposed to avoid the wear of pin by steel, in which a tool without pin was used. FSB of 1.8-mm-thick Al sheet to steel sheet was conducted using a cylindrical tool with 20-mm diameter but without pin and using 0.1-mm-thick zinc foil as filler metal. For the rotational speed of 1500 rpm, sound joints were reliably obtained at the medium range of traverse speed of 75 to 235 mm/min, which fractured within Al parent sheet during tensile shear test. Furthermore, for peel test on the sound joints, Al and steel parent sheets tended to crack and deform, respectively. Metallographic examination showed that most Zn was extruded and the resultant interfacial structure consisted of several Al-Fe intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with a little Zn, less than 3 at. pct. The thickness of IMCs can be controlled to be less than 10 μm by properly increasing traverse speed (e.g., 150 mm/min). The metallurgical process of FSB was investigated by observing the microstructure of the longitudinal section of a friction stir brazed joint obtained by the suddenly stopping technique.

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Acknowledgment

This project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, 710049, People’s Republic of China

    Guifeng Zhang (Associate Professor), Wei Su (Graduate Student) & Jianxun Zhang (Professor)

  2. Inspection Institute for Special Equipment, Guangxi Province, 530022, People’s Republic of China

    Zhongxin Wei (Senior Engineer)

Authors
  1. Guifeng Zhang
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  2. Wei Su
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  3. Jianxun Zhang
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  4. Zhongxin Wei
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Correspondence to Guifeng Zhang.

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Manuscript submitted April 27, 2010.

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Zhang, G., Su, W., Zhang, J. et al. Friction Stir Brazing: a Novel Process for Fabricating Al/Steel Layered Composite and for Dissimilar Joining of Al to Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 42, 2850–2861 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0677-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0677-0

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