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Plastic Flow and Microstructure Evolution during Low-Temperature Superplasticity of Ultrafine Ti-6Al-4V Sheet Material

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Abstract

The low-temperature superplastic (SP) flow behavior of two lots of Ti-6Al-4V sheet, each with an ultrafine microstructure, was established by performing tension tests at temperatures of 775 °C and 815 °C and true strain rates of 10−4 and 10−3 s−1. The as-received microstructures of the two materials comprised either equiaxed or slightly elongated alpha particles in a beta matrix. The material with equiaxed alpha particles exhibited flow hardening, which was correlated with concurrent (dynamic) coarsening. The rate of dynamic coarsening was rationalized in terms of static coarsening measurements and the enhancement of kinetics due to pipe diffusion. By contrast, the material with initially elongated alpha particles exhibited comparable flow hardening at the lower strain rate but a complex, near-steady-state behavior at the higher strain rate. These latter observations were explained on the basis of the evolution of the alpha particle shape and size during straining; dynamic coarsening or dynamic spheroidization was concluded to be most important at the lower and higher strain rates, respectively. The plastic flow behavior was interpreted in the context of a long-wavelength flow localization analysis.

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Notes

  1. Because of variations in stress and strain rate in the diffuse neck, the flow stress at the end of each tension test was obtained by extrapolating the portion of the flow curve prior to diffuse necking to the final average true strain.

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Acknowledgments

This work was conducted as part of the in-house research of the Metals Processing Group of the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory. The support and encouragement of the Laboratory management and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Dr. J. Fuller, program manager) are gratefully acknowledged. One of the authors (GAS) was supported under Air Force Contract No. FA8650-04-D-5235. Technical discussions with P.N. Comley and D.G. Sanders (Boeing Company, Seattle, WA), who supplied the material, and Professor C.S. Lee (Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea) are also greatly appreciated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/RXLM, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Columbus, OH, 45433, USA

    S.L. Semiatin (Senior Scientist, Materials Processing/Processing Science)

  2. UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, 45432, USA

    P.N. Fagin (Technologist) & G.A. Sargent (Consultant)

  3. Manufacturing Engineering Department, Central State University, Wilberforce, OH, 45384, USA

    J.F. Betten (Undergraduate Student)

  4. Chemistry Department, Wright-State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA

    A.P. Zane (Undergraduate Student)

  5. Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    A.K. Ghosh (Professor)

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  1. S.L. Semiatin
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  2. P.N. Fagin
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  3. J.F. Betten
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  4. A.P. Zane
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  5. A.K. Ghosh
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  6. G.A. Sargent
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Correspondence to S.L. Semiatin.

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Manuscript submitted May 22, 2009.

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Semiatin, S., Fagin, P., Betten, J. et al. Plastic Flow and Microstructure Evolution during Low-Temperature Superplasticity of Ultrafine Ti-6Al-4V Sheet Material. Metall Mater Trans A 41, 499–512 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-0131-8

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