Abstract
Nanometer thick films, quantum dots, and quantum wires are the basis of the modern electronic industry. X-ray diffraction techniques play an increasingly important role as basic characterization tools for determining detailed structural information of ultrathin film such as the evolution of strain relaxation, defect formation, film/substrate interfacial properties, and the effects of the reduced dimensionality and structural correlations to electrical properties. Materials of technological interest are SiGe and strained Si; artificial substrates such as silicon on insulator; high- and low-κ dielectric materials, which will substitute SiO2; materials for interconnects; new materials for memory storage; micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS); and photovaltaics. An overview of the major X-ray scattering applications of interest to this industry will be presented in this article.
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Acknowledgments
We express our gratitude to Anita Madan, Judson Holt, and Eric Harley (IBM, Fishkill, NY), for providing some of the reference samples and very valuable discussions; Ulrich Waldschlaeger (Bruker AXS Microanalysis), for proving the necessary know how on μXRF; Jean Fompeyrine and Jean Pierre Locquet (IBM Zurich); and Christophe Detavernier (University of Ghent) for helpful discussions.
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This article is based on a presentation given in the symposium “Neutron and X-Ray Studies of Advanced Materials,” which occurred February 15–19, 2009, during the TMS Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA, under the auspices of TMS, TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS/ASM Mechanical Behavior of Materials Committee, TMS: Advanced Characterization, Testing, and Simulation Committee, and TMS: Titanium Committee.
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Vigliante, A., Kasper, N., Brechbuehl, J. et al. Applications of X-Ray Characterization for Advanced Materials in the Electronics Industry. Metall Mater Trans A 41, 1167–1173 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-0116-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-0116-7