Abstract
Microstructure evolution of a pearlitic steel (0.81 mass pct C) during hot compression of undercooled austenite and subsequent annealing was studied by means of field-emission scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experiments were performed at 923 K, between A 1 and Ar 1, at strain rates of 0.01 to 1 s−1. Compared with the isothermal transformation and the spheroidizing annealing, the transformation of undercooled austenite and the spheroidization of pearlite were accelerated by hot deformation, leading to the formation of the microduplex structures that consisted of ultrafine ferrite grains with average size smaller than 1 μm and spheroidized cementite particles with average size smaller than 0.3 μm during hot deformation and subsequent annealing.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
The cooling rate is of forced-air cooling and is automatically controlled by computer using the feedback signals of a pair of thermocouples, which is welded on the center of the specimen during deformation.
The average growth rate of pearlite (V) was simply estimated by the change of average size of pearlite colonies (ΔL) in an interval (Δt) before the completion of transformation, V = ΔL/Δt.
References
Y. Wang, M. Chen, F. Zhou, E. Ma: Nature, 2002, vol. 419, pp. 912–15.
G. He, J. Echert, W. Loser, L Schultz: Nat. Mater., 2002, vol. 2, pp. 33–37.
I. Gutierrez-Urrutia, M.A. Munoz-Morris, D.G. Morris: Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol. 394A, pp. 399–410.
O.V. Rybal’chenko, S.V. Dobatkin, L.M. Kaputkina, G.I. Raab, N.A. Krasilnikov: Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, vols. 387A–389A, pp. 244–48.
Y.I. Son, Y.K. Lee, K. Par, C.S. Lee, D.H. Shin: Acta Mater., 2005, vol. 53, pp. 3125–34.
K. Nagai: J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2001, vol. 117, pp. 329–32.
M. Ueda, K. Uchino, A. Kobayashi: Wear, 2002, vol. 253, pp. 107–13.
Ohmori, S. Torizuka, K. Nagai: ISIJ Int., 2004, vol. 44, pp. 1063–71.
R. Song, D. Ponge, D. Raabe: Scripta Mater., 2005, vol. 52, pp. 1075–80.
L. Storojeva, R. Kaspar, D. Ponge: ISIJ Int., 2004, vol. 44, pp. 1211–16.
R. Song, D. Ponge, D. Raabe: Acta Mater., 2005, vol. 53, pp. 4881–92.
M. Zhao, T. Hanamura, H. Qiu, K. Nagai, K. Yang: Scripta Mater., 2006, vol. 54, pp. 1193–97.
M. Zhao, T. Hanamura, H. Qiu, K. Nagai, K. Yang: Scripta Mater., 2006, vol. 54, pp. 1385–89.
K. Tsuzaki, E. Sato, S. Furimoto, T. Furuhara, T. Maki: Scripta Mater., 1999, vol. 40, pp. 675–81.
W. Fu, T. Furuhala, T. Maki: ISIJ Int., 2004, vol. 44, pp. 171–78.
T. Furuhara, T. Mizoguchi, T. Maki: ISIJ Int., 2005, vol. 45, pp. 392–98.
J. Languillaume, G. Kapelski, B. Baudelet: Acta Mater., 1997, vol. 45, pp. 1201–12.
Y. Tomota, P. Lukas, D. Neov, S. Harjo, Y.R. Abe: Acta Mater., 2003, vol. 51, pp. 805–17.
W.J. Nam, C.M. Bae, S.J. Oh, S.J. Kwon: Scripta Mater., 2000, vol. 42, pp. 457–63.
P. Payson, W.L. Hodapp, J. Leeder: Trans. ASM, 1940, vol. 28, pp. 306–29.
O.E. Cullen: Metall. Prog., 1953, vol. 64, pp. 79–82.
D.F. Lupton, D.H. Warrington: Met. Sci. J., 1972, vol. 6, pp. 200–04.
J.L. Robbins, O. Cutler Shepard, O.D. Sherby: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1964, vol. 202, pp. 804–07.
H. Paqueton, A. Pineau: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1971, vol. 209, pp. 991–98.
S. Chattopadhyay, C.M. Sellars: Acta Mater., 1982, vol. 30, pp. 157–70.
R. Kaspar, W. Kapellner, C. Lang: Steel Res., 1988, vol. 59, pp. 492–98.
L.F. Li, W.Y. Yang, Z.Q. Sun: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2006, vol. 37A, pp. 609–19.
P. Yang, W.Y. Yang, Z.Q. Sun: Mater. Sci. Forum, 2005, vols. 475–479, pp. 165–68.
Acknowledgments
The financial support of The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 50471092) and Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20050008017) is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Manuscript submitted October 31, 2006.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, L., Yang, W. & Sun, Z. Microstructure Evolution of a Pearlitic Steel during Hot Deformation of Undercooled Austenite and Subsequent Annealing. Metall Mater Trans A 39, 624–635 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9447-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9447-4