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Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Analyses of Sigma Precipitates and Porosity in a Superaustenitic Stainless Steel

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Abstract

X-ray micro-tomography revealed not only the true three-dimensional (3-D) distribution, interconnectivity, and morphology of coarse sigma precipitates in an AL-6XN superaustenitic stainless steel, but also the presence of an internal void network associated with these precipitates. The voids were present within the bulk of the undeformed material, indicating that they formed during alloy fabrication. The presence of these voids in association with the brittle sigma particles has important implications for the mechanical behavior of these alloys.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility for provision of the synchrotron radiation facilities at the ID19 micro-tomography beam line. We also thank Guilin Wu, Risø National Laboratory, for his assistance in obtaining the EDS spectra shown in Figure 2. Several of the authors (RWF, GS, and EML) gratefully acknowledge funding for this program by the Office of Naval Research and DARPA as part of the Dynamic 3-D Digital Structure Program under Grant Nos. N00014-05-WX-2-0116 and N00014-05-WX-2-0555 (Dr. J. Christodoulou, program manager). EML furthermore acknowledges the Danish National Research Foundation for supporting the Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in 4D, within which part of this work was performed. Finally, appreciation is expressed to Mr. Ernie Czyryka, Naval Surface Warfare Center—Carderock Division, and Dr. Andrew Geltmacher, Naval Research Laboratory, for providing the AL-6XN steel plate used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

    R.W. Fonda (Head) & G. Spanos (Head)

  2. Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in 4D, Risø National Laboratory, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. 49, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark

    E.M. Lauridsen (Senior Scientist)

  3. Lab. Mateis, INSA-Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5510, Lyon, France

    W. Ludwig (Researcher)

  4. European Synchrotron Research Facility, BP 220, 38043, Grenoble cedex, France

    W. Ludwig (Researcher) & P. Tafforeau (Postdoctoral Fellow, Thematic Scientist)

Authors
  1. R.W. Fonda
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  2. E.M. Lauridsen
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  3. W. Ludwig
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  4. P. Tafforeau
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  5. G. Spanos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to R.W. Fonda.

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Manuscript submitted August 1, 2006.

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Fonda, R., Lauridsen, E., Ludwig, W. et al. Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Analyses of Sigma Precipitates and Porosity in a Superaustenitic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 38, 2721–2726 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9261-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9261-z

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