Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microstructure and refining performance of an Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner before and after equal-channel angular pressing

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Refining experiments were conducted to evaluate the grain refining performance of an Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner before and after equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) with the use of a high-purity Al. The results show that the Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner has remarkable and stable grain refining performance when the holding times are within 5 to 30 minutes and the melt temperatures are within 1003 to 1073 K. Furthermore, some Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner samples were subjected to severe plastic deformation by using the ECAP technique at 298 K. It was found that Al3Ti and TiC particles were significantly fragmented and their mean sizes were decreased to 10 and 1.08 µm, respectively, and the Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner appeared to have a double grain refining effect in comparison with that of before ECAP. It is also testified that the Vickers microhardness (Hv) value of the pure Al samples refined by the Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner after ECAP processing has a significant increment than that of before ECAP processing. It is concluded that the Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner with ECAP technique has a very useful practical application in refining industrial Al alloys.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. E. Bondhus, T. Sagstad, and N. Dahle: in Molten Metal Processing/Grain Refining I, C.E. Eckert, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1999, pp. 693–97.

    Google Scholar 

  2. W. Schneider, M.A. Kearns, M.J. Mcgarry, and A.J. Whitehead: in Solidification Structures, B. Welch, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1998, pp. 953–61.

    Google Scholar 

  3. M.A. Easton and D.H. Stjohn: Int. J. Cast Met. Res., 2000, vol. 12, pp. 393–408.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Guzowski, G. Sigworth, and D. Sentner: Metall. Trans. A, 1987, vol. 18A, pp. 603–19.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Bannerji and W. Reif: Metall. Trans. A, 1986, vol. 17A, pp. 2127–37.

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. Banerji and W. Reif: Solidification Processing 1987, The Institute of Metals, London, 1988, pp. 145–54.

    Google Scholar 

  7. P. Hoefs, W. Reif, A.H. Green, P.C. Van Wiggen, W. Schneider, and D. Brandner: in Cast Shop Technology III/Grain Refinement, Alloy Properties and Thermal Analysis, R. Huglen, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1997, pp. 777–84.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A.J. Whitehead, S.A. Danilak, and D.A. Granger: in Cast Shop Technology III/Grain Refinement, Alloy Properties and Thermal Analysis, R. Huglen, ed., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1997, pp. 785–93.

    Google Scholar 

  9. X.F. Liu, Z.Q. Wang, Z.G. Zhang, and X.F. Bian: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2002, vol. 332A, pp. 70–74.

    Google Scholar 

  10. N. Frage, N. Frumn, L. Levin, M. Polak, and M.P. Dariel: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1998, vol. 29A, pp. 1341–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. X.F. Liu, Z.Q. Wang, Z.G. Zhang, and X.F. Bian: China Patent Application No. 00123953.8, Oct. 20, 2000.

  12. A.L. Greer, A.M. Bunn, A. Tronche, P.V. Evans, and D.G. Bristow: Acta Mater., 2000, vol. 48, pp. 2823–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. N. Eustathopoulos, L. Coudurier, J.C. Joud, and P. Desré: J. Cryst. Growth, 1976, vol. 33, pp. 105–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Smithells Metals Reference Book, 6th ed., E.A. Brandes, ed., Butterworth, and Co., London, 1983, pp. 8-1–14-1.

    Google Scholar 

  15. M. Easton and D. Stjohn: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, vol. 30A, pp. 1613–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Easton and D. Stjohn: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, vol. 30A, pp. 1625–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Vandyoussefi, J. Worth, and A.L. Greer: Mater. Sci. Technol., 2000, vol. 16, pp. 1121–28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. I. Maxwell and A. Hellawell: Acta Metall., 1975, vol. 23, pp. 229–37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Q. Wei, L. Kecskes, T. Jiao, K.T. Hartwig, K.T. Ramesh, and E. Ma: Acta Mater., 2004, vol. 52, pp. 1859–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Q. Wei, T. Jiao, S.N. Mathaudhu, E. Ma, K.T. Hartwig, and K.T. Ramesh: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003, vol. 358, pp. 266–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. V.M. Segal, V.I. Reznikov, A.E. Drobyshevskiy, and V.I. Kopylov: Russ. Metall. (Metally), 1981, vol. 1, pp. 99–105.

    Google Scholar 

  22. V.M. Segal: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1995, vol. A197, pp. 157–64.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. K. Oh-Ishi, Z. Horita, M. Furukawa, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1998, vol. 29A, pp. 2011–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Iwahashi, M. Furukawa, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1998, vol. 29A, pp. 2503–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. Iwahashi, J. Wang, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon: Scripta Mater., 1996, vol. 35, pp. 143–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Furukawa, Y. Iwahashi, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1998, vol. A257, pp. 328–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M.I. Mendelson: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1969, vol. 52, pp. 443–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Y. Watanabe, H. Eryu, and K. Matsuura: Acta Mater., 2001, vol. 49, pp. 775–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Smithells Metals Reference Book, 6th ed., E.A. Brandes, ed., Butterworth and Co., London, 1983, pp. 8-1–14-1.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Iwahashi, M. Furukawa, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1998, vol. 29A, pp. 2245–52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Zuogui Zhang (Master’s Student, Postdoctoral Student)

    Present address: the Key Laboratory of Liquid Structure and Heredity of Material, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250061, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. the Key Laboratory of Liquid Structure and Heredity of Material, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250061, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Xiangfa Liu & Xiufang Bian (Professors)

  2. Department of Functional Machinery and Mechanics, Shinshu University, 386-8567, Ueda, Japan

    Zuogui Zhang (Master’s Student, Postdoctoral Student), Yoshimi Watanabe (Associate Professor) & Icksoo Kim (21st COE Researcher)

Authors
  1. Zuogui Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yoshimi Watanabe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Icksoo Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiangfa Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiufang Bian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, Z., Watanabe, Y., Kim, I. et al. Microstructure and refining performance of an Al-5Ti-0.25C refiner before and after equal-channel angular pressing. Metall Mater Trans A 36, 837–844 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0197-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0197-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation