Skip to main content
Log in

Determination of the CoTi congruent melting point and thermodynamic reassessment of the Co-Ti system

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

New experimental results and a thermodynamic re-evaluation of the Co-Ti system are presented. Using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and a visual observation-of-melting (VOM) technique, the ≈220 K inconsistency in melting temperature in the literature for the B2 (CoTi) phase is resolved. The congruent melting point is determined to be 1776±5 K. The revised B2 melting temperature, along with other critically reviewed thermochemical and phase-equilibria data from the literature, are used to reassess the thermodynamic description of the Co-Ti system. As a result, a self-consistent set of optimized Gibbs-energy expressions for all CoTi phases is obtained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. N. Saunders: Adv. Mater. Processes, 1999, vol. 156 (3), pp. 29–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. K. Smardz, L. Smardz, and A. Jezierski: Acta Phys. Polonica A, 2000, vol. 97, pp. 507–10.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Maaza, M. Spegel, C. Sella, B. Pardo, A. Menelle, J. Corno, and R. Gaziel: Solid State Comm., 1999, vol. 112, pp. 177–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Y. Kwon and C. Lee: Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 1999, vol. 65, pp. 187–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. J.L. Murray: Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1982, vol. 3, pp. 74–85; J.L. Murray: Phase Diagrams of Binary Titanium Alloys, ASM INTERNATIONAL, Metals Park, OH, 1987, pp. 59–68.

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. Iannucci, A.A. Johnson, E.J. Hughes, and P.W. Barton: J. Appl. Phys., 1968, vol. 39, pp. 2222–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. H. Huthmann and G. Inden: Phys. Status Solidi A, 1975, vol. 28, pp. K129-K130.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H.J. Wallbaum: Arch. Eisenhuettenwes., 1941, vol. 10, pp. 521–26.

    Google Scholar 

  9. S.R. Butler, J.E. Hanlon, and R.J. Wasilewski: J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1969, vol. 30, pp. 281–86.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. I.I. Kornilov, E.V. Kachur, and O.K. Belousov: Metally, 1975, No. 2, pp. 209–10.

  11. V.V. Pet’kov and M.V. Kireev: Metallofizika, 1971, vol. 33, pp. 107–15.

    Google Scholar 

  12. H.L. Lukas, E.-T. Henig, and B. Zimmermann: CALPHAD, 1977, vol. 1, pp. 225–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. B. Sundman, B. Jansson, and J.-O. Andersson: CALPHAD, 1985, vol. 9, pp. 153–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M.V. Nevitt: Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Eng., 1960, vol. 218, pp. 327–31.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor: Metall. Trans. A, 1975, vol. 6A, pp. 2115–22.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. B. Uhrenius and K. Forsen: Metallkd., 1983, vol. 74, pp. 610–15.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. N. Saunders and A.P. Miodownik: CALPHAD: a Comprehensive Guide, Pergamon, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1998, pp. 299–300.

    Google Scholar 

  18. P. Nash, H. Choo, and R.B. Schwarz: J. Mater. Sci., 1998, vol. 33, pp. 4929–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. G. Cacciamani, R. Ferro, I. Ansara, and N. Dupin: Intermetallics, 2000, vol. 8, pp. 213–22; corrigendum in Intermetallics, 2001, vol. 9, p. 179.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Powder Diffraction File™, International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA, 1998, No. 17-0031.

  21. P.J.M. van der Straten, G.F. Bastin, F.J.J. van Loo, and G.D. Rieck: Z. Metallkd., 1976, vol. 67, pp. 152–57.

    Google Scholar 

  22. E.K. Zakharov and B.G. Livshitz: Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, OTN, 1962, No. 5, pp. 143–50.

  23. R.W. Fountain and W.D. Forgeng: Trans. TMS-AIME, 1959, vol. 215, pp. 998–1008.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. T. Takayama, M.Y. Wey, and T. Nishizawa: Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1981, vol. 22, pp. 315–25.

    Google Scholar 

  25. J.-C. Zhao: Z. Metallkd., 1999, vol. 90, pp. 223–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Balarin and K. Bartsch: Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1996, vol. 622, pp. 919–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. A.K. Niessen, F.R. de Boer, R. Boom, P.F. de Châtel, and W.C.M. Mattens: CALPHAD, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 51–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. V.G. Dubanov, A.Y. Stomakhin, and A.F. Filippov: Izv. Vyssch. Uch. Zaved., 1975, No. 3, pp. 5–7.

  29. Y.O. Esin, M.G. Valishev, A.F. Ermakov, P.V. Gel’d, and M.S. Petrushevskii: Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1981, vol. 55, pp. 417–18.

    Google Scholar 

  30. H. Wang, R. Lück, and B. Predel: Z. Metallkd., 1992, vol. 83, pp. 528–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Y. Ueda, T. Nishi, T. Oishi, and K. Ono: J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1986, vol. 50, pp. 1081–88.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. A.T. Dinsdale: CALPHAD, 1991, vol. 15, pp. 317–425.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A. Davydov, U.R. Kattner, B. Sundman, and K. Ozaki: XXVIII Int. CALPHAD Conf., Grenoble, France, 1999, Abstracts, p. 83.

  34. O. Redlich and A.T. Kister: Ind. Eng. Chem., 1948, vol. 40, pp. 345–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Hillert and M. Jarl: CALPHAD, 1978, vol. 2, pp. 227–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. G.R. Purdy and J.G. Parr: Trans. TMS-AIME, 1960, vol. 218, pp. 225–27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. B. Sundman and J. Ågren: J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1981, vol. 42, pp. 297–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. I. Ansara, N. Dupin, H.-L. Lukas, and B. Sundman: J. Alloys Compounds, 1997, vol. 247, pp. 20–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. V.H.-P. Stüwe and Y. Shimomura: Z. Metallkd., 1960, vol. 51, pp. 180–81.

    Google Scholar 

  40. T. Suzuki and K. Masumoto: Metall. Trans., 1972, vol. 3, pp. 2009–10.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. N. Dupin and I. Ansara: Z. Metallkd., 1999, vol. 90, pp. 76–85.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. I. Ansara, B. Sundman, and P. Willemin: Acta Metall., 1988, vol. 36, pp. 977–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. F.R. de Boer, R. Boom, W.C.M. Mattens, A.R. Miedema, and A.K. Niessen: in Cohesion in Metals, Transition Metal Alloys, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1988, pp. 121 and 261.

    Google Scholar 

  44. A.R. Miedema: Z. Metallkd., 1979, vol. 70, pp. 345–53.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. N. Dupin and I. Ansara: J. Phase Equilibria, 1993, vol. 14, pp. 451–56.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. N. Dupin: Ph.D. Thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  47. N. Saunders: ThermoTech, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom, private communication, 1992; referenced in Ref. 46.

  48. F.L. Orrell and M.G. Fontana: Trans. Am. Soc. Met., 1955, vol. 47, pp. 554–64.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Y. Aoki: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 1970, vol. 28, pp. 1451–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. T. Nakamichi, Y. Aoki, and M. Yamamoto: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 1970, vol. 28, pp. 590–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. T. Nakamichi, Y. Aoki, and M. Yamamoto: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 1968, vol. 25, pp. 77–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. B.A. Borok, E.K. Novikova, L.S. Golubeva, R.P. Schegoleva, and N.A. Ruch’eva: Metall. Term. Obr. Met., 1963, No. 2, pp. 94–98.

  53. A.D. McQuillan: J. Inst. Met., 1951, vol. 80, pp. 363–68.

    Google Scholar 

  54. H. Kaneko and Y.C. Huang: J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1963, vol. 27, pp. 393–97.

    Google Scholar 

  55. W. Köster and E. Wagner: Z. Metallkd., 1937, vol. 29, pp. 230–32.

    Google Scholar 

  56. U. Haschimoto: Nippon Kinz. Gakk., 1938, vol. 2, pp. 67–77.

    Google Scholar 

  57. J.C. Gachon and J. Hertz: CALPHAD, 1983, vol. 7, pp. 1–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. P.A. Gomozov, Y.V. Zasypalov, and B.M. Mogutnov: Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1986, vol. 60, pp. 1122–24.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Yu.V. Zasypalov, O.A. Kiselev, and B.M. Mogutnov: Z. Fiz. Khim., 1986, vol. 60, pp. 158–61.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Q. Guo and O.J. Kleppa: J. Alloys Compounds, 1998, vol. 269, pp. 181–86.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. N.G. Krasheninnikova, B.M. Mogutnov, I.A. Tomilin, and N.G. Shaposhnikov: Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1987, vol. 61, pp. 1627–30.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Davydov, A.V., Kattner, U.R., Josell, D. et al. Determination of the CoTi congruent melting point and thermodynamic reassessment of the Co-Ti system. Metall Mater Trans A 32, 2175–2186 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-001-0193-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-001-0193-8

Keywords

Navigation