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Burden of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Germany: estimations from a disease model

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Abstract

Summary

This article describes the adaptation of a model assessing the incidence of osteoporotic fractures and prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) in Germany.

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the epidemiological burden of PMO in Germany from 2010 to 2020.

Methods

For each year of the study, the ‘incident cohort’ (women experiencing a first osteoporotic fracture) was identified and run through a Markov model using 1-year cycles until 2020. Health states were based on the number of fractures (1, 2 or ≥3) and deaths. Although the fracture site was not explicitly accounted for in the model structure, the site (hip, vertebral, non-hip non-vertebral) was tracked for each health state. Transition probabilities reflected the site-specific risk of death and of subsequent fractures. Model inputs included population size and life tables from 1970 to 2020, incidence of fracture and BMD by age in the general population (mean and standard deviation).

Results

In 2010, the number of osteoporotic fractures was estimated at 349,560 in women aged 50 years or more, including 80,177 hip and 48,550 vertebral fractures. By 2020, the population is expected to grow by 13.1 %. As a result, the number of fractures is predicted to increase by 15.2 %. The improvement in life expectancy is predicted to lead to a relatively smaller increase in the number of deaths attributable to fractures (+12.8 %), but also to an increase in the prevalence of women with multiple prior fractures (+25.5 %).

Conclusion

The PMO disease model, first developed for Sweden, was adapted to Germany. Due to the ageing of the population, the number of osteoporotic fractures is expected to increase markedly by +15.2 % by 2020.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the International Osteoporosis Foundation and funded by Amgen (Europe) GmbH. The authors thank Dr. Matthew Gitlin, Sean Robbins and Thomas Steinle from Amgen (Europe) GmbH for their involvement in this project, and Professor Alistair McGuire from the London School of Economics for his advice on the model development. Funds were provided to Bioscript Stirling by Amgen (Europe) GmbH for minor editing and styling support.

Conflicts of interest

This study was funded by Amgen Inc. All authors meet authorship criteria set out by ICMJE; AG prepared the first draft. JC has received grant funding from Osteotronix and Nycomed, speaking and/or advisory fees from Novartis, Amgen, Servier, GSK, Gilead, Procter & Gamble/Sanofi Aventis, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Medtronic and Warner-Chilcott and consultancy fees from Novartis and Amgen. KD has received speaking and/or advisory fees from Amgen, Bayer, Bioiberica, Merck and Novartis, Aesculap, Biomet, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer and Stryker, and research funding from Amgen, Novartis and Pfizer. EM has received speaking and/or advisory fees from Amgen, Bayer, GE Lunar, GSK, Hologic, Lilly, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Servier, Tethys and Warner-Chilcott and research funding from Amgen, i3 Innovus, Lilly, Novartis and Pfizer. FB has received research funding from most pharmaceutical companies marketing treatments against osteoporosis. CC has received speaking and/or advisory fees from Amgen, ABBH, Novartis, MSD, Eli Lilly, Shire and Servier. The analysis and model development was done under contract to Amgen. JAK, MM, YJ and AG have no other conflict of interest with regard to this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amaris, London, UK

    A. Gauthier & Y. Jiang

  2. University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

    J. A. Kanis

  3. Abteilung für muskuloskeletale Rehabilitation, Prävention und Versorgungsforschung, Centrum für Sportwissenschaften und Sportmedizin (CSSB), Centrum für Muskuloskeletale Chirurgie (CMSC), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    K. Dreinhöfer

  4. Abteilung Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Berlin, Germany

    K. Dreinhöfer

  5. OptumInsight, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK

    M. Martin

  6. University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK

    J. Compston

  7. LIME/MMC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    F. Borgström

  8. University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    C. Cooper

  9. University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    C. Cooper

  10. Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Metabolic Bone Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

    E. McCloskey

  11. 1 Water Lane, London, NW1 8NZ, UK

    A. Gauthier

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  1. A. Gauthier
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  2. J. A. Kanis
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  7. F. Borgström
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  8. C. Cooper
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Gauthier.

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Gauthier, A., Kanis, J.A., Jiang, Y. et al. Burden of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Germany: estimations from a disease model. Arch Osteoporos 7, 209–218 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-012-0099-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-012-0099-7

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