Abstract
Basalts from Hardat Tolgoi Mine were studied systematically by using petrochemical and isotope geochemical methods in order to discuss their chemical properties, diagenetic material sources and tectonic environment. The analysis results indicate that the alkali basalts are characterized by low silica and high alkalinic (Na>K) and iron-titanium contents. The distribution patterns of the rare earth elements (REE) are the “rightist” type, which typically show evident fractionation between light REEs and heavy REEs with (La/Yb)N ratios from 8.04 to 10.4, but no significant negative Eu anomalies were observed (δEu=1.01 to 1.04). The basalts are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE, Ba, Sr) and high field strength elements (HFSE, Nb, Ta, Hf). Ratios of 206Pb/204Pb vary between 18.434 and 18.550, ratios of 207Pb/204Pb are between 15.541 and 15.569, and ratios of 208Pb/204Pb are between 38.331 and 38.536. The diagenetic substance is believed from the asthenospheric mantle and in intraplate environment, which was constructed during continent stretch, without being significantly contaminated by crustal materials.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Adam J.D., Green T.H., and Sie S.H. (1993) Proton Microprobe determined partitioning of Rb, Sr, Ba, Y, Zr, Nb and Ta between experimentally produced amphiboles and silicate melts with variable F content [J]. Chemical Geology. 109, 29–49.
Cabanis B. and Lecolle M. (1989) Le digramme La/10-Y/15-Nb/8: un outil pour la discrimination de series volcaniques et la mise en evidence des processus de melange et/ou de contamination crustale [J]. CR Academic Science Series II. 309, 2023–2029.
Chen Jinquan, Xu Zhaowen, Bai Kangchen, Chen Wei, Wang Hao, and Wang Shaohua (2012) The petrochemistry of the diabase from the Hardat Tolgoi Pb-Zn Minefield, Inner Mongolia [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia. 36, 118–126 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Deng Jinfu and Zhao Hailing (1990) In Nature of Upper Mantle and Dynamics in China [C]. pp.8–13. Seismic Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese).
Edwards C., Menzies M., and Thirlwall M. (1991) Evidence from Muriah, Indonesia, for the interplay of supra-subduction zone and intraplate processes in the genesis of potassic alkaline magmas [J]. Journal of Petrology. 32, 555–592.
Ewart A., Milner S.C., Armstrong R.A., and Dungan A.R. (1998) Etendeka volcanism of the Goboboseb Mountains and Messum igneous complex, Namibia. Part I: Geochemical evidence of Early Cretaceous Tristan Plume Melts and the role of crustal contamination in the Paraná-Etendeka CFB [J]. Journal of Petrology. 39, 191–225.
Frey F.A., Green D.H., and Roy S.D. (1978) Integrated models of basalt petrogenesis: A study of quartz tholeiites to olivine melilites from south eastern Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data [J]. Journal of Petrology. 19, 463–513.
Gao Jianfeng, Lu Jianjun, Lai Mingyuan, Lin Yuping, and Pu Wei (2003) Analysis of trace elements in rock samples using HR-ICPMS [J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences). 39, 844–850 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Irvine T.N. and Baragar W.R.A (1971) A guide to the chemical classification to the common volcanic rocks: Canada [J]. Journal of Earth Science. 8, 523–548.
Ionov D.A., O’Reilly S.Y., and Griffin W.L. (1997) Volatile bearing minerals and lithophile trace elements in the upper mantle [J]. Chemical Geology. 141, 153–184.
LaTourette T., Hervig R.L., and Holloway J.R. (1995) Trace element partitioning between amphibole, phlogopite, and basanite melt [J]. Earth Planetary Science Letters. 135, 13–30.
Le Maitre R.W., Bateman P., and Dudek A. (1989) A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms [M]. Oxford, Blackwell.
Li Changnian (1992) Igneous Rock Trace Element Petrology [M]. pp.79–123. China University of Geoscience Press, Wuhan (in Chinese).
Liu Yikang and Xu Yebing (2003) The prospecting and main Features of Oyu Tolgol porphyry Cu-Au deposit in Mongdia [J]. Geology and Prospecting. 39, 1–4 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Luo Xiuquan and Chen Qitong (1990) Preliminary study on geochronology for Cenozoic basalts from Inner Mongolia [J]. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica. 9, 37–46 (in Chinese with English abstract)
McDonough W.F. and Sun S.S. (1995) The composition of the Earth [J]. Chemical Geology. 120, 223–254.
Nie Fengjun, Jiang Sihong, Zhang Yi, Liu Yan, and Hu Peng (2004) Geological features and origin of porphyry copper deposits in China-Mongolia border region and its neighboring areas [J]. Mineral Deposits. 23, 176–189 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Pearce J.A. (1982) Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries. In: Orogenic andesites and related rocks (ed. Thrope R.S.) [C]. pp.528–548. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, England.
Schmidt K.H., Bottazzi P., Vannucci R., and Mengel K. (1999) Trace element partitioning between phlogopite, clinopyroxene and leucite lamproite melt [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 168, 287–299.
Sun S.S. and McDonough W.F. (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes. [C] pp.313–345. In Magmatism in the Ocean Basins (eds. Saunders A.D. and Norr M.J.) Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ.
Temel A., Gündogdu M.N., and Gourgaud A. (1998) Petrological and geochemical characteristics of Cenozoic high-K calc-alkaline volcanism in Konya, Central Anatolia, Turkey [J]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 85, 327–354.
Thompson R.N. and Morrison M.A. (1988) Asthenospheric and lower-lithospheric mantle contributions to continental extensional magmatism: An example from the British Tertiary province [J]. Chemical Geology. 68, 1–15.
Wang Xuezhen, Li Yuqin, Zhang Xizhou, Wang Zhensheng, Nie Xiuli, and Li Hongchao. (2010) A preliminary study of the geology and ore potentiality of Hardat Tolgoi Ag-Pb Deposit, Inner Mongolia [J]. Mineral Exploration. 1, 446–452 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Weaver B.L. (1991) The origin of ocean island basalt end-member composition: Trace element and isotopic constrains [J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 104, 381–397.
Wendlandt R.F., Altherr R., Nuemann E.R., and Baldridge W.S. (1995) In Petology, Geochemistry, Isotopes (ed. Olsen K.H.). [C] pp.47–60. Continental Rifts: Evolution, Stuctures, Tectonics, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Wood J.M. (1979) A variably veined suboceanic upper mantle genetic significance for mid-ocean ridge basalt from geochemical evidence [J]. Geology. 7, 499–503.
Zartman R.E. and Doe B.R. (1981) Plumbo tectonics the model [J]. Tectonophysics. 75, 135–162.
Zhang Chen, Han Baofu, Tong Ying, and Li Dechun (2004) General characteristics and origin of Cenozoic basalt from Abagaqi region, Inner Mongolia [J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition). 34, 21–26 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Chen, Liu Shuwen, Han Baofu, and Li Dechun (2006) Characteristics of ultramafic xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in Abagaqi area, Inner Mongolia [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica. 22, 2801–2807 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Xizhou (2010) Geophysical characteristics of Hardat Tolgoi Ag-Pb deposit, Inner Mongolia [J]. Mineral Exploration. 1, 479–482 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Xizhou (2009) Geological Exploration Report of Hardat Tolgoi Lead-zinc Deposit, Inner Mongolia [R]. (in Chinese).
Zhang Yi, Nie Fengjun, Jiang Sihong, and Hu Peng (2003) Discovery of the Ouyu Tolgoi copper-gold deposit in the Sino-Mongolia border region and its significance for mineral exploration [J]. Geological Bulletin of China. 22, 708–712 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, H., Chen, J. & Lu, Z. Geological and geochemical characteristics of basalts from Hardat Tolgoi Mine, Inner Mongolia, China. Chin. J. Geochem. 33, 145–154 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-014-0670-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-014-0670-6