Skip to main content
Log in

Geochemistry and origin of deep-seated cracked gas on the northern slope of the Dongying Sag, Shandong Province

  • Published:
Chinese Journal of Geochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Deep-seated cracked gas exploration was achieved great breakthrough in Es4 L of the Minfeng area on the northern slope of the Dongying Sag. Carbon isotopic and molecular compositions studies revealed the characteristics of wet gas and a normal trend of carbon isotopic composition. Empirical cutoff points of δ13C2 and δ13C3 and light hydrocarbon compositions distinguished the cracking gas as sapropelic gas. Variations in i/nC5, i/nC4 and δ13C2 further confirmed that the gas was cracked from residual kerogen. Source characteristics indicated that the gas was derived from mature-highly mature source rocks of Es4 with kerogen type II being dominant mixed with some oil-cracking gas. Burial history modeling indicated that there were two hydrocarbon charging periods in Es4 L reservoirs. The first period refers to the Guantao-Minghuazhen stage dominated by oil charging, while the second period refers to the Minghuazhen stage and has been dominated by cracked gas charging till now.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aali J., Rahimpour-Bonab H., and Kamali M.R. (2006) Geochemistry and origin of the world’s largest gas field from Persian Gulf, Iran [J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 50, 161–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al Darouich T., Behar F., and Largeau C. (2006) Pressure effect on the thermal cracking of the light aromatic fraction of Safaniya crude oil-implication for deep prospects [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 37, 1130–1154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behar F. and Kress M.S. (1991) Experimental simulation in confined system and kinetic of kerogen and oil cracking [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 19, 173–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berner U. and Faber E. (1996) Empirical carbon isotope/maturity relationships for gases from algal kerogens and terrigenous organic matter, based on dry, open-system pyrolysis [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 24, 947–955.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng Fuqi and Jin Qiang (2005) A novel approach for quantitative study on two-source-mixed natural gas reservoir [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica. 23, 554–558 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung H.M., Gorml J.R., and Squires R.M. (1988) Origin of gaseous hydrocarbons in subsurface environments: theoretical considerations of carbon isotope distribution [J]. Chemical Geology. 71, 97–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claypool G.E. and Mancini E.A. (1989) Geochemical relationships of petroleum in Mesozoic reservoirs to carbonate source rocks of Jurassic Smackover Formation, Southwest Alabama [J]. AAPG Bulletin. 73, 904–924.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai Jingxing, Pei Xigu, and Qi Houfa (1992) Gas Geology of China [M]. Petroleum Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fan Ming, Liu Wenghui, Zheng Lunju, and Hu Kai (2007) Characteristics of cracked gas of soluble organic matter dispersed in different kinds of rocks [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica. 25, 774–777 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng Weiguang (2008) Study on formation mode of splitting gas of Minfeng depression [J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering. 22, 33–35 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fu Li, Huo Qiuli, Zhang Juhe, and Liu Wei (2007) Contribution ratio of source rock to source-mixed gas reservoir in Xujiaweizi depression [J]. Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute. 31, 4–7 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Geng Xinhua and Geng Ansong (2008) Kinetic simulating experiment on secondary thermal cracking of the bitumen generated from marine carbonate rock [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience. 19, 695–700 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill R.H., Tang Y., and Kaplan L.R. (2003) Insights into oil cracking based on laboratory experiments [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 34, 1651–1672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu Guoyi, Xiao Zhongyao, Luo Xia, Li Zhisheng, Li Jian, Sun Qingwu, and Wang Chunyi (2005) Light hydrocarbon composition difference between two kinds of cracked gases and its application [J]. Natural Gas Industry. 25, 23–25 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jin Qing, Cheng Fuqi, and Liu Wenhui (2004) Study on source-mixed gas reservoirs and source-mixed ratio [J]. Natural Gas Industry. 24, 22–24 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Xianqing, Hu Guoyi, Li Jian, Hou Dujie, Dong Peng, Song Zhihong, and Yang Yunfeng (2008) The characteristics and sources of natural gases from Ordovician weathered crust reservoirs in the Central Gas Field in the Ordos Basin [J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry. 27, 109–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Xiaojun, Li Wentao, and Zhang Haijun (2005) Cracking gas reservoir-forming analysis and exploration orientation in Jiyang depression [J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency. 12, 42–43 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Wenhui, Chen Mmengjin, Guan Ping, Zheng Jiangjing, Jin Qiang, Li Jian, Wang Wanchun, Hu Guoyi, Xia Yanqing, and Zhang Dianwei (2007a) Geochemical Trace Systems of isotope-noble gas-light hydrocarbon in the process of gas accumulation [J]. Science in China. 37, 908–915 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Wenhui, Zhang Jianyong, Fan Ming, Gao Bo, Zhang Dianwei, and Zheng Lunju (2007b) Gas generation character of dissipated soluble organic matter [J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment. 29, 1–6 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Luo Xia, Wang Yanbin, Li Jian, Liu Hua, and Wang Yulin (2008) Origin of gas in deep Jiyang depression [J]. Natural Gas Industry. 28, 13–16 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinzhofer A. and Huc A.Y. (1995) Genetic and post-genetic molecular and isotopic fractionations in natural gases [J]. Chemical Geology. 126, 281–290.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prinzhofer A.A., Mello M.R., and Takaki T. (2000) Geochemical characterization of natural gas: A physical multivariable approach and its applications in maturity and migration estimates [J]. AAPG Bulletin. 84, 1152–1172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roger S. and Paul P. (2008) Enrichment of diamondoids and 13C in condensate from Hudson Canyon, US Atlantic [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 39, 147–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rooney M.A., Cloypool G.E., and Chung H.M. (1995) Modeling thermogenic gas generation using carbon isotope ratios of natural gas hydrocarbons [J]. Chemical Geology. 126, 219–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song Guoqi, Jiang Youlu, Liu Hua, and Cai Dongmei (2009) Pooling history of cracked gas in middle-deep reservoirs in Lijin-Minfeng areas of the Dongying sag [J]. Natural Gas Industry. 29, 14–17 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tian Hui, Wang Zhaoming, Xiao Zhongyao, Li Xianqing, and Xiao Xianming (2006) Kinetic simulating experiment on secondary thermal cracking of oils and its implications [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin. 51, 1821–1827 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tian Hui, Xiao Xianming, and Milkins R.W.T. (2008) New insights into the volume and pressure changes during the thermal cracking of oil to gas in reservoirs: Implication for the in-situ accumulation of gas cracked from oils [J]. AAPG Bulletin. 92, 181–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Jie, Liu Wenhui, Qin Jianzhong, Liu Keyu, and Gu Yi (2009) Migration, filling history and geochemical characteristics of Ordovician natural gases in the Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, Northwest China [J]. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry. 28, 299–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Xiuhong, Jin Qiang, Hu Xiaoqing Chen Tao, and Song Guoqi (2008) Kinetics of gas from the pyrolysis of source rock and oil cracking and its application in the genesis of natural gases in Minfeng area of Dongying sag [J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica. 26, 525–530 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Yunpeng, Zhao Changyi, Wang Zhaoyun, and Wang Hongjun (2007) Distinction of gases originated from different marine sources [J]. Science in China. 37, 125–140 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Zhen (2009) Genesis and source of the natural gas under the Es4 salt-gypsum beds in North Dongying depression [J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency. 16, 5–8 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei Z.B., Moldowan J.M., and Zhang S.C. (2007) Diamondoid hydrocarbons as a molecular proxy for thermal maturity and oil cracking: geochemical models from hydrous pyrolysis [J]. Organic Geochemistry. 38, 227–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang Xiancheng, Sui Fenggui, and Li Wentao (2007) The main controlling factors of deep cracked gas accumulation in Dongying sag [J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology. 28, 563–567 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin Changhe and Li Wentao (2006) Forming Conditions for Large-middle Gas Fields in Shandong Area and Evaluations on Exploration Targets [R]. Shengli Oilfield Company of Sinopec, Dongying (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Shuichang, Zhao Wenzhi, Wang Feiyu, Chen Jianping, Xiao Zhongyao, Zhong Ningning, and Song Fuqing (2004) Paleozoic oil cracking gas accumulation history from eastern part of the Tarim basin—A case study of the YN2 gas reservoir [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience. 15, 441–451 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Yong (2008) Genetic analysis on Es4 nature gases in northern steep slop of Dongying depression—An example of well Fengshen [J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology. 30, 394–398 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Mengjun, Zhang Shuichang, and Liao Zhiqin (2001) The cracking gas from crude oil and its significance in gas exploration [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development. 28, 47–49 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Wenzhi, Wang Hongjun, Wang Zhaoyun, Zhao Changyi, and Wang Zecheng (2006) Several progress in the foundational study of gas geology and their exploration implications [J]. Progress in Natural Science. 16, 393–399 (in Chinese with English abstracts).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Wenzhi, Wang Zhaoyun, Zhang Shuichang, and Wang Hongjun (2007) Generation conditions of gases cracked from oils under different geological settings [J]. Science in China. 37, 63–68 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu Yangming, Zhang Ming, and Jiang Bo (2009) Evolution of hydrocarbon generation of Jurassic source rock of the Lenke-1 well in Lenghu tectonic belt of Qaidam Basin, China [J]. Mining Science and Technology. 19, 235–240.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiangchun Chang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chang, X., Han, Z., Xu, Y. et al. Geochemistry and origin of deep-seated cracked gas on the northern slope of the Dongying Sag, Shandong Province. Chin. J. Geochem. 30, 353–358 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-011-0519-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-011-0519-1

Key words

Navigation