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Application of PCM-based Thermal Energy Storage System in Buildings: A State of the Art Review on the Mathematical Modeling Approaches and Experimental Investigations

  • Special column: Built Thermal Environment
  • Published:
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Abstract

This review paper critically analyzes the most recent literature (64% published after 2015) on the experimentation and mathematical modeling of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems in buildings. Commercial software and in-built codes used for mathematical modeling of LHTES systems are consolidated and reviewed to provide details on the selection of appropriate tools. Insights on software’s computing speed, model simplicity, accuracy (by considering the convective term in the melting process), and application of artificial neural networks are reviewed in detail. Moreover, the overall research status of the experiments conducted on the phase change material-based LHTES systems with different experiment configurations is reviewed. The analysis shows that ANSYS Fluent is the most widely used software for specific heat transfer phenomenon in storage tanks, while self-developed models with simplified terms are evaluated as more flexible and easier to apply. For hybrid systems, self-developed MATLAB, mature parts in ESP-r, TRNSYS, and EnergyPlus are compatible. Further, most of the experimental investigations are conducted on the laboratory scale, providing data for model validation. To provide a clear guidance for the future market application, the scope for future works is presented. With this review, it would be easier to develop a unified, simplified, visual, and accurate simulation platform for the PCM-based thermal energy storage in buildings.

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Abbreviations

ANN:

Artificial neural networks

BCVTB:

Building controls virtual testbed

CTES:

Cascaded thermal energy storage

CTSPCM:

Cascaded thermal storage phase change material

DHW:

Domestic hot water

ETCC:

Effective thermal conductivity coefficient

GA:

Genetic algorithms

GHPS:

Ground heat pump system

HP:

Heat pump

HTF:

Heat transfer fluid

LHTES:

Latent heat thermal energy storage

MAE:

Mean absolute error

MaxD:

Maximum difference

MSE:

Mean square error

NBR:

Nitrile butadiene rubber

OSB:

Oriented strand boards

PCM:

Phase change material

PCT:

Phase change temperature/°C

PCTSU:

Phase change thermal energy storage unit

PVC:

Polyvinyl chloride

RMSE:

Root mean square error

SDHW:

Solar domestic hot water

SWC:

Solar water collector

TES:

Thermal energy storage

VOF:

Volume of fluid

XPS:

Extruded polystyrene boards

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Acknowledgment

The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO: 51678488).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China

    Chao Zeng, Yanping Yuan & Xiaoling Cao

  2. Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 2J1, Canada

    Fariborz Haghighat & Mahmood Mastani Joybari

  3. Civil Engineering Journals, Elsevier, Montreal, L9T 5G3, Canada

    Karthik Panchabikesan

  4. Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 601 90, Czech Republic

    Lubomír Klimeš

Authors
  1. Chao Zeng
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  2. Yanping Yuan
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  3. Fariborz Haghighat
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  4. Karthik Panchabikesan
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  5. Mahmood Mastani Joybari
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  6. Xiaoling Cao
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  7. Lubomír Klimeš
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Correspondence to Yanping Yuan.

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Zeng, C., Yuan, Y., Haghighat, F. et al. Application of PCM-based Thermal Energy Storage System in Buildings: A State of the Art Review on the Mathematical Modeling Approaches and Experimental Investigations. J. Therm. Sci. 31, 1821–1852 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-022-1650-5

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