Abstract
In a large ancient landslide, approximately 240,000 m3 of sediments were reactivated, posing a grave threat to the safety of iron ore stopes. To trace the deformation and evolution history of reactivated Landslide, we conducted geological surveys and combined real-time monitoring equipment to analyze the landslide data since 1986 and the deformation status of the reactivated Landslide. A multi-factor comprehensive landslide monitoring method and an Newton force early warning system (NFEWS) were established, focusing on underground stress, surface deformation information and landslide stability. Furthermore, we developed a four-level early warning grading standard, employing surface cracks and changes in underground stress thresholds as early warning indicators. This standard adds expert assessment to avoid false alarms and realize real-time dynamics of mining landslides during excavation and transportation. Through the case study and analysis of Nanfen open-pit mine, the NFEWS system offers valuable insights and solution for early warning of landslides in analogous open-pit mines. Finally, the evaluation index system of landslide hazard susceptibility was established by selecting the Newton force influence factor. A landslide susceptibility zoning map is constructed using the information value model. The rationality and accuracy are assessed from three perspectives: frequency ratio, landslide hazard point density, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The improved Newton force landslide early warning system provides a good reference for the analysis and monitoring of the creep landslide evolution process.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (41941018 and 52304111) and the Program of China Scholarship Council (202206430007).
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All authors made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the study. Material preparation and data collection were completed by Guo Long-ji and Liu Jian-ning. Guo Long-ji and Coli Massimo carried out data analysis and method research. He Man-chao and Tao Zhi-gang put forward effective revision suggestions. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Guo Long-ji, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Final draft read and approved by all authors.
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Guo, Lj., Tao, Zg., He, Mc. et al. A case study of a giant reactivated landslide based on NPR anchor cable Newton force early warning. J. Mt. Sci. 20, 3283–3294 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-023-8097-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-023-8097-3