Abstract
An analysis of the changes in vegetation cover on the territory of the Republic of Khakassia in 2000–2021 due to climatic trends was carried out based on the MODIS data. The changes in vegetation cover were estimated based on trends in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). In general, in the 21st century, an increase in the biomass of vegetation cover is observed. Positive trends were observed in 16%–22% of the territory, and negative only in 1%–3%. For about 20% of the analyzed territory, a significant influence of climate on the changes in vegetation cover was revealed. The most pronounced negative impact on vegetation cover was caused by summer air and soil temperatures, spring temperature, and summer winds, and the positive impact was caused by summer precipitation and soil moisture. The response of the vegetation cover to climate was non-uniform concerning the topography. Thus, a significant correlation with the amount of precipitation was observed for ∼20%–35% of vegetation growing below 600 m above sea level and for less than 5% above this elevation. The negative effect of summer temperatures on plants prevailed mainly at an elevation below ∼1400 m above sea level. Projected climate change is likely to lead to significant degradation of vegetation in the steppe and forest-steppe in Khakassia in the coming decades.
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Data Availability Statement: All the data used are publicly available. The NDVI MODIS MOD13Q1 v061 product is available at https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search?q=mod13q1%20v061. The burnt area MODIS MCD64A1 v061 product is available at https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search?q=mcd64a1%20v061. The ERA5 Land monthly averaged data are available at https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means?tab=form. The PRO-VEGA land cover and forest maps are available at http://pro-vega.ru/maps. The Copernicus DEM GLO30 digital elevation model is available at https://portal.opentopography.org/raster?opentopoID=OTSDEM.032021.4326.3.
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Acknowledgments
The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (No. 22-17-20012) (https://rscf.ru/project/22-17-20012) with equal financial support from the Government of the Republic of Khakassia. Author thanks two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions.
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Im, S. Spatial analysis of vegetation cover response to climate trends in Khakassia (South Siberia). J. Mt. Sci. 20, 2869–2884 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-023-8096-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-023-8096-4