Abstract
Inorganic nitrogen (N) loss through sediment N mineralization is important for eutrophication surrounding riparian zone. Sediment physicochemical properties have been changed at water-level elevation in riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) due to differences in hydrological stress and human activity intensity. However, spatial distribution and driving factor of net N mineralization rate (Nmin) and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) based on the changes in sediment physicochemical properties are still unclear at water-level elevation in the riparian zone. A total of 132 sediment samples in the riparian zone were collected including 11 transections and 12 water-level elevations on basin scale of the TGR during drying period, to conduct a 28-day incubation at 15°C, 22°C, 29°C and 36°C. Nmin, total N (TN) and substrate quality (SQ) increased with water-level elevation, while Q10 showed an opposite trend (P<0.001). Results of the structural equation model showed that water-level elevation had direct positive effects on TN and SQ (P<0.01). In addition, TN was the major factor that had a direct positive effect on Nmin, and SQ was the crucial factor that had a direct negative effect on Q10 (P<0.001). In conclusion, increases in TN and SQ were major driving factors of Nmin and its Q10 at water-level elevation, respectively, in riparian zone of the TGR during drying period.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bao YH, Gao P, He XB (2015) The water-level fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir—A unique geomorphological unit. Earth-Sci Rev 150: 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.07.005
Chen X, Zhang S, Liu D, et al. (2019) Nutrient inputs from the leaf decay of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers in the water level fluctuation zone of a Three Gorges tributary. Sci Total Environ 688: 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.357
Craine JM, Fierer N, Mclauchlan KK (2010) Widespread coupling between the rate and temperature sensitivity of organic matter decay. Nat Geosci 3(12): 854–857. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1009
Davidson EA, Janssens IA (2006) Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change. Nature 440(7081): 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04514
Ding J, Chen L, Zhang B, et al. (2016) Linking temperature sensitivity of soil CO2 release to the substrate, environmental, and microbial properties across alpine ecosystems. Global Biogeochem Cy 30(9): 1310–1323. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005333
Doane TA, Horwáth WR (2003) Spectrophotometric determination of nitrate with a single reagent. Anal Lett 36(12): 2713–2722. https://doi.org/10.1081/AL-120024647
Fierer N, Craine JM, Mclauchlan K, et al. (2005) Litter quality and the temperature sensitivity of decomposition. Ecology 86(2): 320–326. https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1254
Garssen AG, Baattrup-Pedersen A, Voesenek LA, et al. (2015) Riparian plant community responses to increased flooding: A meta — analysis. Global Change Biol 21(8): 2881–2890. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12921
Gilles P, Susana B, Abbott BW, et al. (2018) Riparian corridors: A new conceptual framework for assessing nitrogen buffering across biomes. Front Env Sci-Switz 6: 47. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00047
Hefting M, Clement JC, Dowrick D, et al. (2004) Water table elevation controls on soil nitrogen cycling in riparian wetlands along a European climatic gradient. Biogeochemistry 67(1): 113–134. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOG.0000015320.69868.33
Jia J, Bai J, Gao H, et al. (2019) Effects of salinity and moisture on sediment net nitrogen mineralization in salt marshes of a Chinese estuary. Chemosphere 228: 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.006
Kikuchi T, Kohzu A, Ouchi T, et al. (2020) Quantifying the sources and removal of nitrate in riparian and lotic environments based on land use and topographic parameters of the watershed. Ecol Indic 116: 106535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106535
Kirschbaum MU (1995) The temperature dependence of soil organic matter decomposition, and the effect of global warming on soil organic C storage. Soil Biol Biochem 27(6): 753–760. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)00242-S
Knorr W, Prentice IC, House J, et al. (2005) Long-term sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to warming. Nature 433(7023): 298–301. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03226
Li J, Bao Y, Wei J, et al. (2019) Fractal characterization of sediment particle size distribution in the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. J Mt Sci-Engl 16(9): 2028–2038. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-019-5456-1
Li X, Ding C, Bu H, et al. (2020) Effects of submergence frequency on soil C: N: P ecological stoichiometry in riparian zones of Hulunbuir steppe. J Soil Sediment 20(3): 1480–1493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-019-02533-x
Liu Y, He N, Wen X, et al. (2016) Patterns and regulating mechanisms of soil nitrogen mineralization and temperature sensitivity in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems. Agr Ecosyst Environ 215: 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.012
Liu Y, Wang C, He N, et al. (2017) A global synthesis of the rate and temperature sensitivity of soil nitrogen mineralization: latitudinal patterns and mechanisms. Global Change Biol 23(1): 455–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13372
Liu Y, Wang C, Xu L, et al. (2020) Effect of grazing exclusion on the temperature sensitivity of soil net nitrogen mineralization in the Inner Mongolian grasslands. Eur J Soil Biol 97: 103171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2020.103171
Lloyd J, Taylor J (1994) On the temperature dependence of soil respiration. Funct Ecol 8: 315–323. https://doi.org/10.2307/2389824
Lupon A, Sabater F, Miñarro A, et al. (2016) Contribution of pulses of soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification to soil nitrogen availability in three Mediterranean forests. Eur J Soil Sci 67(3): 303–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12344
Miller KS, Daniel G (2018) Temperature sensitivity of nitrogen mineralization in agricultural soils. Biol Fert Soils 54: 853–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-018-1309-2
Nelson DW, Sommers LE (1983) Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of soil analysis: Part 2 chemical and microbiological properties 9: 539–579. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c29
Ran Y, Wu S, Zhu K, et al. (2020) Soil types differentiated their responses of aggregate stability to hydrological stresses at the riparian zones of the Three Gorges Reservoir. J Soil Sediment 20(2): 951–962. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-019-02410-7
Schütt M, Borken W, Spott O, et al. (2014) Temperature sensitivity of C and N mineralization in temperate forest soils at low temperatures. Soil Biol Biochem 69: 320–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.11.014
Shen Y, Cheng R, Xiao W, et al. (2022) Temporal dynamics of soil nutrients in the riparian zone: Effects of water fluctuations after construction of the Three Gorges Dam. Ecol Indic 139: 108865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108865
Song Y, Song C, Hou A, et al. (2018) Effects of temperature and root additions on soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization in a predominantly permafrost peatland. Catena 165: 381–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.02.026
Tang Q, Bao YH, He XB, et al. (2016) Flow regulation manipulates contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Sci Total Environ 548–549: 410–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.158
Tang X, Wu M, Li R (2018) Distribution, sedimentation, and bioavailability of particulate phosphorus in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Water Res 140: 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.024
Verdouw H, Echteld C, Dekkers E (1978) Ammonia determination based on indophenol formation with sodium salicylate. Water Res 12(6): 399–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(78)90107-0
von Lützow M, Kögel-Knabner I (2009) Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition—what do we know? Biol Fert Soils 46(1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.10.002
Wang T, Zhu B, Zhou M, et al. (2020) Nutrient loss from slope cropland to water in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir: Process, pathway, and flux. Agr Ecosyst Environ 302: 107108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107108
Yan L, Xie C, Xu X, et al. (2019) Effects of revetment type on the spatial distribution of soil nitrification and denitrification in adjacent tidal urban riparian zones. Ecol Eng 132: 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.04.005
Yang F, Wang Y, Chan Z (2015) Review of environmental conditions in the water level fluctuation zone: Perspectives on riparian vegetation engineering in the Three Gorges Reservoir. Aquat Ecosyst Health 18(2): 240–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2015.1040332
Ye C, Butler OM, Chen C, et al. (2020) Shifts in characteristics of the plant-soil system associated with flooding and revegetation in the riparian zone of Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Geoderma 361: 114015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114015
Ye C, Chen C, Butler OM, et al. (2019) Spatial and temporal dynamics of nutrients in riparian soils after nine years of operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Sci Total Environ 664: 841–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.036
Ye C, Cheng X, Liu W, et al. (2015) Revegetation impacts soil nitrogen dynamics in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Sci Total Environ 517: 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.068
Ye F, Ma MH, Wu SJ, et al. (2019) Soil properties and distribution in the riparian zone: the effects of fluctuations in water and anthropogenic disturbances. Eur J Soil Sc 70(3): 664–673. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12756
Zha Y, Faeflen SW, Zhou X, et al. (2022) Redox effect on carbon and nitrogen mineralization in the drawdown zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Int J Environ Sci Te: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-03950-1
Zhang M, O’Connor PJ, Zhang J, et al. (2021) Linking soil nutrient cycling and microbial community with vegetation cover in the riparian zone. Geoderma 384: 114801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114801
Zhao S, Zhang B, Sun X, et al. (2021) Hot spots and hot moments of nitrogen removal from hyporheic and riparian zones: A review. Sci Total Environ 762: 144168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144168
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Program of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission (cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0095); the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJZD-K202001203, KJZD-K202003501); the Innovative Research Group of Universities in Chongqing (CXQT P19037).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic Supplementary Material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jia, Kt., He, Lp., Wang, Kh. et al. Spatial distribution and driving factors of sediment net nitrogen mineralization in riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. J. Mt. Sci. 20, 381–390 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-022-7691-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-022-7691-0