Abstract
High-intensity and large-scale resource development seriously threatens the fragile ecological environment in the red soil hilly region in southern China. This paper analyzes the eco-geological environmental problems and factors affecting Ganzhou, a mining city in the red soil hilly region, based on field survey and literature. The eco-geological environment quality (EGEQ) assessment system, which covered 11 indicators in physical geography, mining development, geological hazards, as well as water and soil pollution, was established through multi-source data utilization such as remote sensing images, DEM (Digital Elevation Model), field survey and on-site monitoring data. The comprehensive weight of each indicator was calculated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and entropy method. The eco-geological environment assessment map was developed by calculating the EGEQ value through the linear weighted method. The assessment results show that the EGEQ was classified into I-V grades from excellent to worse, among which, EGEQ of I-II accounted for 29.88%, EGEQ of III accounted for 32.35% and EGEQ of IV-V accounted for 37.77%; the overall EGEQ of Ganzhou was moderate. The assessment system utilized in this research provides scientific and accurate results, which in turn enable the proposal of some tangible protection suggestions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cao XZ, Zhang GS (1995) Formation and control countermeasures for vulnerable eco-environment of red soil hilly region. J Ecol Rural Environ 11(4): 45–48. (In Chinese)
Chen MX (1999) Ideas about Ecological Geological Environmental System and Comprehensive Ecological Environmental Geological Survey. Hydrogeol Eng Geol (03): 5–8+14. (In Chinese)
Cheng QY (2010) Structure entropy weight method to confirm the weight of evaluating index. Syst Eng Theory Pract 30(07): 1225–1228. (In Chinese)
Conoscenti C, Ciaccio M, Angileri S, et al. (2015) Assessment of susceptibility to earth-flow landslide using logistic regression and multivariate adaptive regression splines: a case of the Belice River Basin (western Sicily, Italy). Geomorphology 242: 49–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.09.020
Dai FC, Lee CF and Zhang XH (2001) GIS-based geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning: a case study. Eng Geol 61(4): 257–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00028-X
Deng YS (2018) Characteristics, distribution and geographical environmental factors of collapsing gully in granite region of southern China. PhD thesis, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan. p 6. (In Chinese)
ERIS (2007) About the Geometrical Interval Classification Method. https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/product/mapping/about-the-geometrical-interval-classification-method/?rmedium=redirect&rsource=blogs.esri.com/esri/arcgis/2007/10/18/about-the-geometrical-interval-classification-method (Accessed on 26 August 2021)
Giannecchini R, Galanti Y, Avanzi GDA, et al. (2016) Probabilistic Rainfall Thresholds for Triggering Debris Flows in a Human-Modified Landscape. Geomorphology 257: 94–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.12.012
Ganzhou Municipal People’s Government (2016) Mineral Resources Planning of Ganzhou (2016–2020). https://www.ganzhou.gov.cn/c100075/201310/ce20ff9a0eef4ec08bd5040d0c419261.shtml (Accessed on 31 December 2018)
Ganzhou Municipal People’s Government (2016) Geological hazard prevention planning of Ganzhou (2016–2020). https://www.ganzhou.gov.cn/c100075/201310/ce20ff9a0eef4ec08bd5040d0c419261.shtml (Accessed on 31 December 2018)
Hao XZ, Wang DJ, Wang PR, et al. (2016) Evaluation of water quality in surface water and shallow groundwater: a case study of a rare earth mining area in southern Jiangxi Province, China. Environ Monit Assess 188 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-5025-1
He FH, Gu LJ, Wang T, et al. (2017) The Synthetic Geo-Ecological Environmental Evaluation of a Coastal Coal-Mining City Using Spatiotemporal Big Data: A Case Study in Longkou, China. J Clean Prod 142: 854–866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.011
Huang RQ (2001) Basic characteristics and technical support of the eco-environmental geology. Geol China 28(011): 20–24. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2001.11.005
Jin SL, Huang YZ, Hu Y, et al. (2014) Rare earth elements content and health risk assessment of soil and crops in typical rare earth mine area in Jiangxi Province. Acta Sci Circumstantiae 34(12): 3084–3093. https://doi.org/10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2014.0799
Jin SL, Huang YZ, Wang F, et al. (2016) Rare earth elements content in farmland soils, crops and river near a typical Tungsten Ore in Jiangxi Province. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae 36(04): 1328–1335. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2015.0609
Jiang WG, Rao PZ, Cao R, et al. (2017) Comparative evaluation of geological disaster susceptibility using multi-regression methods and spatial accuracy validation. J Geogr Sci 27(4): 439–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-017-1386-4
Kong C, Lan H, Yang G, et al. (2016) Geo-environmental suitability assessment for agricultural land in the rural-urban fringe using BPNN and GIS: a case study of Hangzhou. Environ Earth Sci 75(15): 1136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5956-z
Li SK, Wang SJ, Zhang Z, et al. (2021) Spatial distribution and health risk assessment of toxic elements in the soils of southern Ganzhou City. J Agric Resour Environ 1–13. (In Chinese)https://doi.org/10.13254/j.jare.2021.0084
Li ZW, Zeng, GM, Zhang H, et al. (2007) The integrated eco-environment assessment of the red soil hilly region based on GIS-a case study in Changsha city, China. Ecol Model 202(3–4): 540–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.11.014
Liang T, Li KX, Wang LQ (2014) State of rare earth elements in different environmental components in mining areas of China. Environ. Monit Assess 186(3): 1499–1513. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3469-8
Liu SW, Huang YY, Zhu XH, et al. (2015) Environmental effects of ion-absorbed type rare earth extraction on the water and soil in mining area and its peripheral areas. Environ Sci Technol 38(6): 25–32. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2015.06.005
Lei XP, Qiu GH (2016) Empirical study about the carrying capacity evaluation of reginal resources and environment based on Entropy-Weight TOPSIS model. Acta Sci Circumstantiae 36(1): 314–323. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2015.0580
Liou YA, Nguyen AK, Li MH (2017) Assessing spatiotemporal eco-environmental vulnerability by Landsat data. Ecol Indic 80 (December 2016): 52–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.04.055
Liu M, Liu X, Wu L, et al. (2021) Establishing forest resilience indicators in the hilly red soil region of southern China from vegetation greenness and landscape metrics using dense Landsat time series. Ecol Indic 121: 106985 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106985
Lu C, Shi L, Zhao X, Li W, et al. (2021) Evaluation and planning of urban geological and ecological environment quality. Arab J Geosci 14: 71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-06335-1
Martinez-Fernandez C, Wu CT, Schatz LK, et al (2012) The shrinking mining city: urban dynamics and contested territory. Int J Urban Reg Res 36(2): 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01094.x
Meten M, Bhandary NP, Yatabe R, et al. (2015) GIS-Based frequency ratio and logistic regression modelling for landslide susceptibility mapping of Debre Sina area in central Ethiopia. J Mt Sci 12(6): 1355–1372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-015-3464-3
Mahmoud SH, Gan TY (2018) Multi-criteria approach to develop flood susceptibility maps in arid regions of middle east. J Clean Prod 196: 216–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.047
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China (2002) Environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002). Ministry of Ecology and Environment, PRC. p 5–6. (In Chinese)
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China (2009) Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering (GB50021-2001). Beijing: China Building Industry Press. p 252–253. (In Chinese)
Nguyen AK, Liou YA, Li MH, et al (2016) Zoning eco-environmental vulnerability for environmental management and protection. Ecol Indic 69(oct.): 100–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.026
National Meteorological Information Center. (2018) Dataset of gridded daily precipitation in China (Version 2.0) (1961–2013). A Big Earth Data Platform for Three Poles.
Olías M, Cerón JC, Fernández I, et al. (2005) Distribution of rare earth elements in an alluvial aquifer affected by acid mine drainage: the Guadiamar aquifer (SW Spain). Environ Pollut 135(1): 53–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.10.014
Peng Y, Guo JH, and Wei J (2013) Eco-Environment Quality Evaluation of Rare Earth Ore Mining Area Based on Remote Sensing Techniques. Commun Comput Info Sci 398 PART I: 246–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45025-9_26
Peng J, Zong M, Hu Y, et al (2015) Assessing Landscape Ecological Risk in a Mining City: A Case Study in Liaoyuan City, China. Sustainability 7(7): 8312–8334. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078312
Peng Y, He GJ, Zhang ZM, et al. (2016) Eco-environmental dynamic monitoring and assessment of rare earth mining area in Southern Ganzhou Using Remote Sensing. Acta Ecol Sin 36(6): 1676–1685. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.5846/stxb201408181632
Peng K, Peng HX, Liang F, et al. (2017) Distribution characteristics and development environment of geological disasters in Ganzhou City. Saf Environ Eng 24(01): 33–39. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.2017.01.006
Peng K, Peng HX, Liang F, et al. (2018) Susceptibility zoning of geo-hazards in Ganzhou City based on the information model. Saf Environ Eng 25(05): 22–28. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13578/j.cnki.issn.1671-1556.2018.05.004
Saaty TL (1977) A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. J. Math Psychol 15(3): 234–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2496(77)90033-5
Saedpanah S, Amanollahi J. (2019). Environment pollution and geo-ecological risk assessment of the Qhorveh mining area in western Iran. Environ Pollut 253: 811–820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.049
Shannon, CE. (1948) A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell Syst Tech J 27(4): 623–656. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
Shen Y, Feng MN, Zhang H, et al (2010) Interpolation Methods of China Daily Precipitation Data. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 21(3): 279–286. (In Chinese)
Shukla R, Sachdeva K, Joshi PK (2016) Inherent vulnerability of agricultural communities in Himalaya: a village-level hotspot analysis in the Uttarakhand state of India. Appl Geogr 74: 182–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.07.013
Shao QL, Liu XC, Zhao WJ (2020) An Alternative Method for Analyzing Dimensional Interactions of Urban Carrying Capacity: Case Study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. J Environ Manage 273 (January): 111064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111064
Shi YL, Zhang M, Yao N, et al. (2020) Water pollution status and nitrogen pollution distribution patterns around ion absorbed rare earth tailings in Dingnan County, Jiangxi Province. Res Environ Sci 33(01): 94–103. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2019.07.20
Sun X, Shao H, Xiang X, et al. (2020) A coupling method for eco-geological environmental safety assessment in mining areas using PCA and catastrophe theory. Nat Resour Res 29: 4133–4148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-020-09682-8
Shao H, Sun X, Lin Y, et al. (2021) A method for spatiotemporal process assessment of eco-geological environmental security in mining areas using catastrophe theory and projection pursuit model. Prog Phys Geogr 1: 030913332098254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133320982542
Tian Y P, Peng BZ, Xie TS. (2001) Opinion on red Desertification and types of desertified land in China. Resour Environ Yangtze Basin 10(004): 380–384. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-8227.2001.04.015
Trofimov VT, Ziling DG (1995) Ecological Geology and Its Logical Structure, Vestn. Mosk. Univ. Geologiya. pp 33–45.
Trofimov VT (2001) Ecological geology-a novel branch of geological sciences. Earth Sci Fronties 8(1): 27–35.
Trofimov VT (2008). Ecological geology, environmental geology, geoecology: contents and relations. Mosc Univ Geol Bull 63(2): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0145875208020014
Wang F, Huang YZ, Wang XL, et al. (2015) Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surrounding soils of tungsten ores: Comparison of different evaluation methods. Environ Chem 34(2): 225–233. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2015.02.2014061802
Wu X, Lü XJ, Zhao YL, et al. (2020) Ecological resilience assessment of an arid coal mining area using index of entropy and linear weighted analysis: a case study of Shendong Coalfield, China. Ecol Indic 109 (October 2019): 105843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105843
Xie CS, Dong DP, Hua SP, et al. (2012) Safety evaluation of smart grid based on AHP-Entropy method. Procedia — Syst. Eng 4: 203–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sepro.2011.11.067
Xu J, Feng P, Yang P. (2016) Research of development strategy on China’s rural drinking water supply based on SWOT-TOPSIS method combined with AHP-Entropy: a case in Hebei Province. Environ Earth Sci 75(1): 58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4885-6
Xu YN, He F, Yuan HC, et al. (2006) Survey and Assessment on Environmental Geology Problems of Mine in Northwest China. Geological Publishing House. pp 74–76.
Xiao W, Lv XJ, Zhao YL, et al. (2020) Ecological resilience assessment of an arid coal mining area using index of entropy and linear weighted analysis: A case study of Shendong Coalfield, China. Ecol Indic (109): 105843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105843
Yang Q, Chen M, Hu LW, et al. (2017) Morphological distribution characteristics and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in the soils of Ganzhou city. Nonferrous Met Sci Eng 04: 118–124. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.13264/j.cnki.ysjskx.2017.04.020
Yang Z, Li W, Li X, et al. (2019) Assessment of eco-geo-environment quality using multivariate data: A case study in a coal mining area of Western China. Ecol Indic 107(July): 105651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105651
Zhang S, Yu Y, Wang DH, et al. (2020) Forms distribution of heavy metals and their ecological risk evaluation in soils of ion absorption type in the rare earth mining area of southern Jiangxi, China. Rock Miner Anal 39(5): 731–743. (In Chinese) https://doi.org/10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201911050152
Zhao QG, et al. (2002) Mechanism, Temporal-Spatial changes and controlling countermeasures of soil degradation in hilly red soil region of southeastern China. Beijing: Science Press. pp 290–291. (In Chinese)
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the Key Special Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41941018), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering (Tongji University), and the Ministry of Education (Grant No. KLE-TJGE-B1905). All financial support was highly appreciated.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, Ff., He, Mc., Wang, Yt. et al. Eco-geological environment quality assessment based on multi-source data of the mining city in red soil hilly region, China. J. Mt. Sci. 19, 253–275 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-021-6860-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-021-6860-x