Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of dynamic service innovation capabilities (DSICs) on organizational performance of service enterprises based on firms’ external and internal contingencies. The study is based on the data from 676 small and medium business-to-business service firms in China. The results revealed significant positive effects of DSICs on firms’ financial and market performance, while confirming that the performance effect of DSICs is contingent on organizational structure and competitive intensity. The study results provide valuable insights to both researchers in the service innovation field and practicing managers who make strategic decisions on allocating resources for sustainable growth of service firms.
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Acknowledgements
This research is a project sponsored by The National Social Science Fund of China (Project No.13BGL025). The authors wish to acknowledge the companies which cooperated with the questionnaire and provided the assessment through the research project. Any errors from this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors are grateful to the Shanghai municipal, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provincial government departments for their assistance in data collection.
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Appendix
Appendix
Results from confirmatory tetrad analysis (CTA-PLS) for DSICs
Model implied non-redundant vanishing tetrad | Original sample Estimate (O) | Sample mean Estimate (M) | Standard deviation (STDEV) | Bootstrap estimated Standard error | T-value (|O/se|) | Bias | Confidence Interval low | Confidence Interval up | Bonferroni adjustment alpha | Z(1-alpha) | Adjusted confidence interval low | Adjusted confidence interval up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CO1,CO2,CP1,CP2 | 0.094 | 0.094 | 0.011 | 0.011 | 8.595 | 0 | 0.073 | 0.116 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.057 | 0.132 |
CO1,CO2,CP2,CP1 | 0.093 | 0.093 | 0.011 | 0.011 | 8.562 | 0 | 0.072 | 0.115 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.056 | 0.131 |
CO1,CO2,CP1,CP3 | 0.101 | 0.1 | 0.011 | 0.011 | 9.571 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.121 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.064 | 0.137 |
CO1,CP1,CP3,CO2 | 0 | 0 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.199 | 0 | − 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.007 | 0.006 |
CO1,CO2,CP1,SS1 | 0.047 | 0.047 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 6.392 | 0 | 0.033 | 0.062 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.022 | 0.072 |
CO1,CO2,CP1,SS2 | 0.045 | 0.044 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 6.341 | − 0.001 | 0.031 | 0.059 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.021 | 0.07 |
CO1,CO2,CP1,SS3 | 0.058 | 0.057 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 7.435 | 0 | 0.043 | 0.073 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.031 | 0.085 |
CO1,CO2,ST1,CP1 | 0.04 | 0.039 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 5.129 | 0 | 0.025 | 0.055 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.014 | 0.067 |
CO1,CO2,ST2,CP1 | 0.064 | 0.063 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 6.921 | − 0.001 | 0.046 | 0.083 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.033 | 0.096 |
CO1,CP1,ST3,CO2 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.38 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.011 | 0.009 |
CO1,CP1,SU1,CO2 | − 0.002 | − 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.891 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.01 | 0.006 |
CO1,CO2,CP1,SU3 | 0.038 | 0.039 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 5.122 | 0 | 0.024 | 0.053 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.012 | 0.064 |
CO1,CP2,SS2,CO2 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.32 | 0 | − 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.01 | 0.008 |
CO1,CO2,CP2,ST3 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 4.402 | 0 | 0.018 | 0.048 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.007 | 0.059 |
CO1,CO2,SU1,CP2 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 5.048 | 0 | 0.023 | 0.052 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.012 | 0.063 |
CO1,CO2,CP2,SU2 | 0.036 | 0.037 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 4.535 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.052 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.008 | 0.063 |
CO1,CO2,SU2,CP2 | 0.034 | 0.035 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 4.362 | 0 | 0.019 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.007 | 0.061 |
CO1,CO2,SU3,CP2 | 0.041 | 0.041 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 4.682 | 0 | 0.023 | 0.058 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.01 | 0.07 |
CO1,CP3,SS1,CO2 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.464 | 0 | − 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.009 | 0.007 |
CO1,CP3,ST2,CO2 | − 0.004 | − 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 1.239 | 0 | − 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.015 | 0.007 |
CO1,CO2,SS2,SS1 | 0.088 | 0.087 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 8.996 | 0 | 0.069 | 0.107 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.054 | 0.121 |
CO1,CO2,ST1,SS1 | 0.038 | 0.037 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 4.93 | − 0.001 | 0.024 | 0.054 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.012 | 0.065 |
CO1,CO2,SS1,ST2 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 6.204 | 0 | 0.037 | 0.072 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.024 | 0.085 |
CO1,CO2,ST3,SS1 | 0.043 | 0.043 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 5.17 | 0 | 0.027 | 0.06 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.015 | 0.072 |
CO1,SS1,SU3,CO2 | − 0.002 | − 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.851 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.011 | 0.007 |
CO1,CO2,SS2,ST2 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 6.652 | 0 | 0.042 | 0.078 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.029 | 0.091 |
CO1,CO2,SU3,SS2 | 0.041 | 0.041 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 5.511 | 0 | 0.027 | 0.056 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.016 | 0.067 |
CO1,SS3,ST3,CO2 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.779 | 0 | − 0.004 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.009 | 0.014 |
CO1,CO2,SU1,SS3 | 0.049 | 0.049 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 6.385 | 0 | 0.034 | 0.064 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.023 | 0.075 |
CO1,CO2,SU1,ST1 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 4.403 | 0 | 0.018 | 0.048 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.007 | 0.059 |
CO1,CO2,ST1,SU2 | 0.043 | 0.042 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 4.955 | 0 | 0.026 | 0.06 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.014 | 0.073 |
CO1,CO2,ST1,SU3 | 0.041 | 0.041 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 4.518 | 0 | 0.023 | 0.06 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.01 | 0.073 |
CO1,CO2,SU2,ST2 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 5.91 | 0 | 0.037 | 0.072 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.023 | 0.086 |
CO1,CO2,SU3,ST2 | 0.052 | 0.052 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 5.249 | 0 | 0.032 | 0.072 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.018 | 0.086 |
CO1,CO2,ST3,SU1 | 0.023 | 0.023 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 3.282 | 0 | 0.009 | 0.037 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.001 | 0.048 |
CO1,CO2,SU3,SU1 | 0.085 | 0.085 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 7.165 | 0 | 0.062 | 0.109 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.045 | 0.127 |
CO1,CP1,ST3,CP3 | − 0.019 | − 0.019 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 3.342 | 0 | − 0.031 | − 0.008 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.039 | 0 |
CO1,CP3,SU1,CP1 | − 0.02 | − 0.02 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 4.433 | 0 | − 0.029 | − 0.011 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.036 | − 0.005 |
CO1,CP1,SU3,SS1 | 0 | 0 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.091 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.012 | 0.012 |
CO1,CP1,ST1,SS2 | 0 | 0 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.013 | 0.013 |
CO1,SS2,ST3,CP1 | − 0.001 | 0 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.134 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.013 |
CO1,CP1,SS3,ST1 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.23 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.013 | 0.012 |
CO1,CP1,SS3,ST3 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.356 | 0 | − 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.011 | 0.014 |
CO1,ST1,SU2,CP1 | − 0.003 | − 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 1.043 | 0 | − 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.015 | 0.008 |
CO1,CP1,ST2,SU1 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.186 | 0 | − 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.012 | 0.011 |
CO1,CP2,SS1,CP3 | − 0.023 | − 0.023 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 4.721 | 0 | − 0.033 | − 0.013 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.04 | − 0.006 |
CO1,CP2,SS1,SS2 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 2.303 | 0 | 0.002 | 0.019 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.005 | 0.025 |
CO1,CP2,SS2,ST3 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.365 | 0 | − 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.01 | 0.013 |
CO1,CP2,SU3,SS3 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.317 | 0 | − 0.009 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.015 | 0.013 |
CO1,CP2,ST1,ST3 | 0.023 | 0.023 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 3.545 | 0 | 0.011 | 0.037 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.001 | 0.047 |
CO1,CP2,SU3,ST1 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.216 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.013 | 0.012 |
CO1,SS2,SU1,CP3 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.446 | 0 | − 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.011 | 0.014 |
CO1,CP3,SS3,ST1 | − 0.004 | − 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 1.02 | 0 | − 0.011 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.017 | 0.01 |
CO1,CP3,SS3,ST2 | − 0.008 | − 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 1.709 | 0 | − 0.017 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.023 | 0.008 |
CO1,CP3,ST3,SS3 | − 0.004 | − 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.925 | 0 | − 0.012 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.018 | 0.011 |
CO1,CP3,SS3,SU1 | − 0.003 | − 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.915 | 0 | − 0.009 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.009 |
CO1,CP3,SU2,SS3 | − 0.005 | − 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 1.391 | 0 | − 0.013 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.018 | 0.008 |
CO1,SU1,SU2,CP3 | − 0.003 | − 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 1.447 | 0 | − 0.006 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.009 | 0.004 |
CO1,SS1,SU3,SS3 | − 0.014 | − 0.014 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 2.973 | 0 | − 0.023 | − 0.005 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.03 | 0.002 |
CO1,ST3,SU2,SS1 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.392 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.011 |
CO1,SS2,ST1,SU1 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.217 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.012 |
CO1,SS3,ST2,ST1 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 5.664 | 0 | 0.024 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.015 | 0.06 |
CO1,SS3,ST1,SU3 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.254 | 0 | − 0.01 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.016 | 0.014 |
CO1,ST1,ST3,ST2 | − 0.006 | − 0.005 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 0.879 | 0 | − 0.019 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.029 | 0.016 |
CO1,ST3,SU2,SU1 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 3.587 | 0 | 0.009 | 0.032 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.001 | 0.04 |
CO2,CP1,SU2,SU3 | 0.019 | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 3.621 | 0 | 0.009 | 0.03 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.001 | 0.038 |
CO2,SS2,SU1,SS3 | − 0.011 | − 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 2.05 | 0 | − 0.022 | − 0.001 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.03 | 0.007 |
CO2,ST1,SU1,SS2 | 0 | 0 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.091 | 0 | − 0.008 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.013 |
CO2,SS2,ST1,SU2 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 1.336 | 0 | − 0.002 | 0.012 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.007 | 0.017 |
CO2,ST2,SU1,ST1 | − 0.029 | − 0.028 | 0.007 | 0.007 | 4.002 | 0 | − 0.043 | − 0.015 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.054 | − 0.005 |
CO2,ST1,SU3,ST3 | − 0.025 | − 0.024 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 4.061 | 0 | − 0.037 | − 0.013 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.046 | − 0.004 |
CP1,SS1,SS2,CP3 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 1.195 | 0 | − 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.003 | 0.007 |
CP1,SS1,ST2,SU1 | − 0.004 | − 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 1.244 | 0 | − 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.014 | 0.006 |
CP1,ST1,ST3,SU2 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.771 | 0 | − 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.006 | 0.009 |
CP2,CP3,ST1,ST2 | 0.076 | 0.076 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 8.659 | 0 | 0.059 | 0.093 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.046 | 0.106 |
CP2,SS1,SU1,SS3 | − 0.009 | − 0.009 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 2.531 | 0 | − 0.016 | − 0.002 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.022 | 0.003 |
CP2,ST2,SU1,SU2 | 0.019 | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 3.965 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.029 | 0.001 | 3.435 | 0.003 | 0.036 |
CP3,SU1,SU3,SS3 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.804 | 0 | − 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.001 | 3.435 | − 0.006 | 0.009 |
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Zhan, J., Zhang, S. & Trimi, S. The contingent impacts of dynamic service innovation capabilities on firm performance. Serv Bus 17, 819–849 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-023-00546-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-023-00546-8