Abstract
Foetid juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) is one of the most important coniferous species faced with multiple threats and it is difficult to propagate it with sexual reproduction. Therefore, the main goal of this study was finding appropriate salt concentrations and growth regulators for shoot regeneration and rooting of J. foetidissima under in vitro conditions and also shortening time of mass production. The effects of 6 different basal culture media (Olive Medium (OM), Murashige and Skoog (MS), Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW), Woody Plant Medium (WPM), 1/2 MS, and 1/4 MS) on shoot proliferation and two different methods of root induction on explants were investigated. Results revealed that OM culture medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (1 mg L−1) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.1 mg L−1) was the best medium for shoot proliferation of J. foetidissima (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of shoot regeneration (100%), maximum number of shoots (6.38 shoots per explant), and the maximum shoot length (6.74 mm) were observed in this culture medium. The lowest percentage of shoot regeneration (50%) was obtained in 1/4 MS medium (P < 0.05). In addition, the minimum number of shoots (3.44 shoots per explant) and shoot length (4.46 mm) were observed in WPM medium. The highest root induction rate (88.9%) was obtained in OM medium containing 0.5 mg L−1 of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). In conclusion, type of basal culture medium considerably influenced proliferation, shoot growth, and root induction in J. foetidissima explants.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aayan S, Kucuk M, Ulu F, Gercek V, Sahin A, Sivaciogu A (2004) Vegetative propagation possibilities of some natural Juniper (Juniperus L.) species. Gazi Univ J for Faculty 4:1–12
Ahani H, Jalilvand H, Nasr SM, Kouhbanani HS, Ghazi MR, Mohammadzadeh H (2013) Reproduction of juniper (Juniperus polycarpos) in Khorasan Razavi. Iran J for Sci 15:231–237
Al-Ramamneh EA, Daradkeh N, Rababah T, Pacurar D, Al-Qudah M (2017) Effects of explant, media and growth regulators on in vitro regeneration and antioxidant activity of Juniperus phoenicea. Aust J Crop Sci 11:828–837
Al-Ramamneh EAD, Dura S, Daradkeh N (2012) Propagation physiology of Juniperus phoenicea L. from Jordan using seeds and in vitro culture techniques: baseline information for a conservation perspective. Afr J Biotechnol 11:7684–7692
Amiri S, Mohammadi R, Talebi MR, Akbari R (2019) Investigation of plant growth regulators effects on proliferation and rooting of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) native to East Azerbaijan. Iran J Plant Physiol 32:122–132
Arab MM, Yadollahi A, Shojaeiyan A, Shokri S, Ghojah SM (2014) Effects of nutrient media, different cytokinin types and their concentrations on in vitro multiplication of G×N15 (hybrid of almond×peach) vegetative rootstock. JGEB 12:81–87
Asrarzaidi M, Khan S, Jahan N, Yousafzai A, Mansoor A (2012) Micropropagation and conservation of three Juniperus species (Cupressace). Pakistan J Bot 44:301–304
Asri Y, Partonia L (2016) Site and silvicultural characteristics of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. endangered species in Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve. Iran J for Poplar Res 24:687–699
Bagheri A, Saffari M (1997) In vitro culture of higher plants (translation). Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 406 (In Persian)
Beyramizadeh E, Arminian A, Fazeli A (2020) Impact of growth regulators on callus formation and regeneration of ornamental plant zamiifolia. J Cell Tiss 11:221–232
Castro MR, Belo AF, Afonso A, Zavattieri MA (2011) Micropropagation of Juniperus navicularis, an endemic and rare species from Portugal SW coast. Plant Growth Regul 65:223–230
Corot A, Roman H, Douillet O, Autret H, Perez-Garcia MD, Citerne S, Bertheloot J, Sakr S, Leduc N, Demotes-Mainard S (2017) Cytokinins and abscisic acid act antagonistically in the regulation of the bud outgrowth pattern by light intensity. Front Plant Sci 8:1724
Driver JA, Kunyoxi H (1984) In vitro propagation of paradox walnut rootstocks. Hort Sci 19:57–509
Ezazi S, Mirzaie-Nodoushan H, Emam M, Kalatejari S (2018) Effective factors on micropropagation of wild almond (Amygdalus scoparia Spach). Iran J Plant Physiol 31:499–510
Farjon, A, Juniperus foetidissima. The IUCN red list of threatened species 2013: E.T42234A2965043. Available online: https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42234/2965043 (accessed on 13 March 2021).
Fathollahi Qarachoboogh A, Alijanpour A, Hosseini B, Banj Shafiei A (2020) The effects of different plant growth regulators on micropropagation of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. J For Res 6:573-591
Ghanbari S, Sefidi K (2019) Structure and spatial distribution pattern of tree communities of Juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) in Arasbaran region. J Plant Res 31:933–945
Hartmann HT, Kester DE, Davies FT, Geneve RL (2002) Plant propagation: principles and practices. Prentice-Hall of India 770
Hazubska-Przybył T (2019) Propagation of Juniper species by plant tissue culture: a mini-review. Forests 10:1028
Ilashi I (1986) Juniper (Juniperus polycarpos C. Koch). In Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry; Bajaj, Y.P.S., Ed.; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany 321–325
Khoushnevis M, Aliahmad Koruri S, Matinizadeh M, Moraghebi F, Teymoiri M (2000) The effect of different treatments in propagation of Juniperus excelsa by seeds. National Congress of Northern Forests Management and Sustainable Development. Ramsar, Iran 42–53
Kim YW, Moon HK (2007) Regeneration of plant by somatic embryogenesis in Pinus rigida x P. taeda. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol - Plant 43:335–342
Lloyd G, McCrown B (1980) Commercially feasible micropropagation of mountain by use of shoot tip culture. Proc Int Plant Propagat Soc 30:421–437
Loureiro J, Capelo A, Brito G, Rodriguez E, Silva S, Pinto G, Santos C (2007) Micropropagation of Juniperus phoenicea from adult plant explants and analysis of ploidy stability using flow cytometry. Biol Plant 51:7–14
Mamo N, Nigusie D, Tigabu M, Teketay D, Fekadu M (2011) Longevity of Juniperus procera seed lots under different storage conditions: implications for ex situ conservation in seed banks. J for Res 22:453–459
Medina R, Lara F, Albertos B, Draper I, Garilleti R, Mazimpaka V (2010) Epiphytic bryophytes in harsh environments: the Juniperus thurifera forests. J Bryol 32:23–31
Momeni M, Gangi-Moghadam E, Kazemzade-Beneh H, Asgharzadeh A (2018) Direct organogenesis from shoot tip explants of Juniperus polycarpos L.: optimizing basal media and plant growth regulators on proliferation and root formation. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol 19:40–50
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Negussie A (1997) In vitro induction of multiple buds in tissue culture of Juniperus excelsa. For Ecol Manag 98:115–123
Perezm TO, Lopez JM, Egea L, Burgos L (2000). Effect of basal media and growth regulators on the in vitro propagation of apricot (Prunus armenica L.). Canino. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol 75:283-286
Piri Kh, Nazarian F (2001) Manual of plant tissue culture. (2nd ed.). Bou Alisina University Publication
Reed BM, Wada S, DeNoma J, Niedz RP (2013) Improving in vitro mineral nutrition for diverse pear germplasm. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol - Plant 49:343–355
Rugini E (1984) In vitro propagation of some olive (Olea europaea sativa L.) cultivars with different root-ability, and medium development using analytical data from developing shoots and embryos. Sci Hort 24:123–134
Salih AM, Al-Qurainy F, Khan S, Tarroum M, Nadeem M, Shaikhaldein HO, Alabdallah NM, Alansi S, Alshameri A (2021) Mass propagation of Juniperus procera Hoechst. Ex Endl. From seedling and screening of bioactive compounds in shoot and callus extract. BMC Plant Biol 21:192
Shahrzad S, Emam M (2012) Micropropagation of Populus euphratica and P. alba hybrids by tissue culture. IJFRPR 19:327–336
Wu X (2007) Establishment and chemical analysis of hairy root of Eucommia ulmoides. PhD thesis. China 65
Zhang H, Horgan KJ, Reynolds PH, Jameson PE (2010) 6-Benzyladenine metabolism during reinvigoration of mature Pinus radiata buds in vitro. Tree Physiol 30:514–526
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qarachoboogh, A.F., Alijanpour, A., Hosseini, B. et al. Efficient and reliable propagation and rooting of foetid juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Willd.), as an endangered plant under in vitro condition. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 58, 399–406 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-021-10239-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-021-10239-4