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Enhancement of galanthamine production through elicitation and NMR-based metabolite profiling in Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton in vitro callus cultures

  • Plant Tissue Culture
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Abstract

Plants are the unique sources of secondary metabolites (terpenes, phenolic and alkaloid) used as pharmaceuticals, food additives and industrial produces. However, very limited information is known about their biosynthesis in plants. Elicitors are chemicals often used to activate the accumulation of such metabolites in plant in vitro cultures. Since the ancient past, Narcissus is well-known for its ornamental purposes and medicinal versatility with diverse pharmaceutically important alkaloids including galanthamine, lycorine, haemanthamine and narciclasine. In this research, callus cultures induced from N. pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton bulb explants were subjected to MS media supplemented with growth regulators, yeast extract, methyl jasmonate, chitosan and trans-cinnamic acid for the determination of galanthamine content using GC-MS. Bulbs showed 538 to 1109 μg g−1 FW (fresh weight), and callus cultures subjected to MS medium without elicitors produced 7.88 μg g−1 FW of galanthamine, whereas callus cultures grown on MS with methyl jasmonate, chitosan and 25% sucrose showed approximately 5.6-, 3- and 2-fold increased galanthamine production respectively. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) depicted that the concentrations of metabolites related to galanthamine production, tyrosine, tyramine, and 3-chlorotyrosine were higher in bulb tissue than callus. However, these metabolites were present in higher concentrations in elicitor-treated calluses, leading to the higher galanthamine accumulation than the non-treated calluses. Furthermore, the notable metabolites detected in elicitor-treated callus cultures were amino acids, phenols and sugar alcohols. The metabolites in media extracts were mainly related to sucrose and galactose metabolism. The results suggested that the application of elicitors could be a potential approach for enhanced production of valuable metabolites in Narcissus in vitro culture.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Mark Preston, Centre of Proteome Analysis, for helping with GC-MS analysis and Dr. Phelan Marie, NMR Centre, University of Liverpool, for helping with NMR analysis.

Author contribution statement

MJ and AF conceived and designed research. AF conducted experiments. XC and AF developed the methodology, and analysed and interpreted data. AF wrote the initial manuscript draft which was reviewed by XC. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Funding

The study was financially supported by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission and University of Liverpool, UK.

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  1. Aleya Ferdausi

    Present address: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

    Aleya Ferdausi, Xianmin Chang & Meriel Jones

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Correspondence to Aleya Ferdausi.

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Ferdausi, A., Chang, X. & Jones, M. Enhancement of galanthamine production through elicitation and NMR-based metabolite profiling in Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton in vitro callus cultures. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 57, 435–446 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-020-10139-z

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