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Metabolic changes and improved growth in micropropagated red raspberry “Indian summer” are tied to improved mineral nutrition

  • Plant Tissue Culture
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Abstract

Mineral nutrition is directly involved in plant metabolism and greatly affects growth and development. An initial study modeling Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium mineral components revealed that the quality of red raspberry shoot cultures was significantly affected by CaCl2, MgSO4, and KH2PO4 (mesos components). This study investigated the effects of increased mesos components on shoot growth and metabolism. Rubus idaeus L. “Indian summer” shoots grown on standard MS medium (1.0× MS mesos components) were compared to shoots grown with 1.5× and 2.5× MS mesos components. After 9 wk, shoots were evaluated for shoot quality, multiplication, elongation, and metabolic changes. Metabolic changes were determined by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Shoots grown on increased mesos components had improved quality, shoot length, and leaf color compared to shoots grown on MS medium. Metabolomic analysis indicated that shoots grown on high mesos component medium had reduced amounts of some free amino acids (glutamine, arginine, histidine, and proline) and some secondary metabolites (epicatechin, quercetin, and ellagic acid) compared to shoots on MS medium, which indicated reduced stress. Shoots grown on high mesos component also had increases in fructose 1-phosphate and glutathione associated with biosynthetic pathways, plant defense mechanisms, and redox homeostasis. Another factor involved in improved growth responses may be that increased glutamine was also found in high mesos component treatments, possibly influenced by ammonium accumulated from photorespiration. These metabolic changes provide initial insights into medium optimization and in vitro mineral nutrition, and the impact of nutrients on plant growth and development in micropropagated red raspberry shoots.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5358-21000-033D, and a grant from the Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation. The procurement of the ABSciex tripleTOF™ 5600 mass spectrometry instrument was made possible by NIH grant S10RR027878. OSU’s mass spectrometry center is supported in part by institutional funds from Oregon State University. Sukalya Poothong acknowledges Dr. Soyoun Ahn for the assistance during the initial phase of work and the financial support of a Royal Thai Government Scholarship for her Ph.D. studies.

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Author notes

  1. Barbara M. Reed

    Present address: Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2 Tambon Maeka, Muang District, Phayao, 56000, Thailand

    Sukalya Poothong

  2. Department of Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Jeffrey Morré & Claudia S. Maier

  3. USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Barbara M. Reed

Authors
  1. Sukalya Poothong
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  2. Jeffrey Morré
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  3. Claudia S. Maier
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  4. Barbara M. Reed
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Contributions

SP conceived the idea, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. JM assisted with MS operation, data collection, and analysis. CM contributed to the project design, analysis, and manuscript preparation. BR contributed to the idea, experimental design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sukalya Poothong.

Additional information

Handling editor: Pamela Weathers

Barbara M. Reed is a retired USDA-ARS Research Scientist.

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Poothong, S., Morré, J., Maier, C.S. et al. Metabolic changes and improved growth in micropropagated red raspberry “Indian summer” are tied to improved mineral nutrition. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 53, 579–590 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-017-9845-2

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