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Identification of highly active compounds from insecticidal plant Oroxylum indicum L. (Vent.) and the induction of apoptosis by lapachol on Sf9 cells

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Abstract

The extraction of biopesticides from plants has become a promising field for agricultural development. To explore a high-efficiency and viable method for the screening of plant compounds with insecticidal activity, we screened for active ingredients in the insecticidal plant, Oroxylum indicum L. Vent, using Sf9 cells. A CCK-8 cytotoxicity assay kit was used for high-throughput screening of 34 compounds contained in O. indicum. The apoptosis-inducing effect of the highly cytotoxic compound on Sf9 cells was investigated by morphological characterization using inverted microscopy, caspase-3 activity assay, and DNA gel electrophoresis. Finally, the biological activity of compounds against aphids was evaluated using the leaf-pest dipping methods and leaf dipping methods. Results showed that among the main compounds identified, lapachol, chrysin, and baicalein had good proliferation inhibitory effects on Sf9 cells, with their recorded IC50 being 11.53 mg/L, 38.39 mg/L, and 42.10 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the IC50 value of lapachol was lower than the control insecticides rotenone (18.03 mg/L) and fipronil (21.04 mg/L). Apoptosis assay further showed that lapachol promoted the production of caspase-3 and led to DNA fragmentation in Sf9 cells. Lapachol showed high biological activity against Aphis gossypii, Sitobion avenae, and Semiaphis heraclei, with its recorded LC50 being 104.40, 101.80, and 110.29 mg/L, respectively, which were comparable to the activity of the control insecticide rotenone. High-throughput screening of active ingredients in the insecticidal plant O. indicum using Sf9 cells is feasible, and the identification of lapachol as the main aphidicidal active substance is valuable for further study.

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Data Availability

All data supporting the finding of this study are available within the paper.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Huan Zhang (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) for providing Sf9 cells.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFD1400904), HAAFS Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Project (2022KJCXZX-ZBS-4), and Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Hebei Province (HBCT2023070201), Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province(21326511D).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/IPM Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management On Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding, 071000, People’s Republic of China

    Yujing Zhao, Jingjie An, Zhihong Dang, Jianglong Guo, Zhanlin Gao & Yaofa Li

  2. College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China

    Yujing Zhao & Shujie Ma

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  1. Yujing Zhao
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Correspondence to Zhanlin Gao, Shujie Ma or Yaofa Li.

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Zhao, Y., An, J., Dang, Z. et al. Identification of highly active compounds from insecticidal plant Oroxylum indicum L. (Vent.) and the induction of apoptosis by lapachol on Sf9 cells. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 59, 674–683 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-023-00821-y

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