Abstract
Side-population (SP) cells have been shown to be highly enriched stem cells. We investigated whether an immortalized, nontumorigenic human liver cell line, THLE-5b, contains SP cells. Flow cytometry analysis after Hoechst 33342 staining demonstrated that the THLE-5b line contained a small component of SP cells. These SP cells were essentially eliminated by treatment with verapamil and expressed higher levels of ABCG2 mRNA than non-SP cells. In addition, the level of these SP cells detected by Hoechst 33342 staining was affected by the experimental conditions including the incubation medium. This is the first report of the presence of SP cells in the immortalized, nontumorigenic human liver cell line.
References
Chiba, T.; Kita K.; Zheng, Y.Z.; Yokosuka, O.; Saisho, H.; Iwama, A.; Nakauchi, H.; Taniguchi, H. Side population purified from hepatocellular carcinoma cells harbors cancer stem cell-like properties. Hepatology. 44:240–251. 2006.
Goodell, M.A.; Brose, K.; Paradis, G.; Conner, A.S.; Mulligan, R.C. Isolation and functional properties of murine hematopoeitic stem cells that are replicating in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 1834:1797–1806; 1996.
Haraguchi, N.; Utsunomiya, T.; Inoue, H.; Tanaka, F.; Mimori, K.; Barnard, G.F.; Mori, M. Characterization of a side population of cancer cells from human gastrointestinal system. Stem Cells. 24:506–513; 2006.
Hussain, S.Z.; Strom, S.C.; Kirby, M.R.; Burns, S.; Langemeijer, S.; Hsieh, M.; Tisdale, J.F. Side population cells derived from adult human liver generate hepatocyte-like cell in vitro. Dig. Dis. Sci. 50:1755–1763; 2005.
Kano, J.; Noguchi, M.; Kodama, M.; Tokiwa, T. The in vitro differentiating capacity of non-parenchymal epithelial cells derived from adult porcine livers. Am. J. Pathol. 156:2033–2043; 2000.
Lechner, J.F.; Smoot, D.T.; Pffeifer, A.M.; Tokiwa, T.; Harris, C.C. A non-tumorigenic human liver epithelial cell culture model for chemical and biological carcinogenesis investigationsIn: Rhim J.S., Drifschlo A (eds) Neoplastic transformation in human cell system. Mechanism of carcinogenesis. Humana Press, New York, pp 307–321; 1990.
Shimano, K.; Satake, M.; Okaya, A.; Kitanaka, J.; Takemura, M.; Sakagami, M.; Terada, M.; Tsujimura, T. Hepatic oval cells have the side population phenotype defined by expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2. Am. J. Pathol. 163:3–9; 2003.
Tokiwa, T.; Kano, J.; Noguchi, M.; Kodama, M.; Tateishi, T. Restoration of differentiated functions in multicellular aggregates of a human liver epithelial cell line. Mater. Sci. Eng. C6:249–252; 1998.
Tokiwa, T.; Yamazaki, T.; Ono, M.; Enosawa, S.; Tsukiyama, T. Cloning and characterization of liver progenitor cells from the scattered cell clusters in primary culture of porcine livers. Cell Transplant. in press; 2008.
Tokiwa, T.; Yamazaki, T.; Xin, W.; Sugae, N.; Noguchi, M.; Enosawa, S.; Tsukiyama, T. Differentiation potential of an immortalized non-tumorigenic human liver epithelial cell line as liver progenitor cells. Cell Biol. Int. 30:992–998; 2006.
Yamazaki, T.; Tokiwa, T.; Kano, J.; Noguchi, M.; Enosawa, S.; Kohno, M. Colony-forming capacity of porcine liver epithelial cells in culture. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 38:440–442; 2002.
Zhou, S.; Schuetz, J.D.; Bunting, K.D.; Colapietro, A.M.; Sampath, J.; Morris, J.J.; Lagutina, I.; Grosveld, G.C.; Osawa, M.; Nakauchi, H.; Sorrentino, B.P. The ABC transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is expressed in a wide variety of stem cells and is a molecular determinant of the side-population phenotype. Nat. Med. 7:1028–1034; 2001.
Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. CC Harris (National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD) for providing us with THLE-5b.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
J. Denry Sato
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamazaki, T., Enosawa, S., Tsukiyama, T. et al. Presence of side-population cells in an immortalized nontumorigenic human liver epithelial cell line. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 44, 6–9 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-007-9071-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-007-9071-z