References
Lee TH, Marcantonio ER, Mangione CM, et al. Derivation and prospective validation of a simple index for prediction of cardiac risk of major noncardiac surgery. Circulation. 1999;100:1043–9.
Fleisher LA, Beckman JA, Brown KA, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery) developed in collaboration with the American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Rhythm Society, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, and Society for Vascular Surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(17):1707–32. Erratum in: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Aug 26;52(9):794–7.
Pasternak RC, Smith SC Jr, Bairey-Merz CN, Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Lenfant C, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. ACC/AHA/NHLBI clinical advisory on the use and safety of statins. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40(3):567–72.
POISE Study Group, Devereaux PJ, Yang H, Yusuf S, et al. Effects of extended-release metoprolol succinate in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (POISE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9627):1839–47.
Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Boersma E, et al. Task Force for Preoperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Perioperative Cardiac Management in Non-cardiac Surgery, European Society of Cardiology; European Society of Anaesthesiology. Guidelines for preoperative cardiac risk assessment and perioperative cardiac management in non-cardiac surgery: the Task Force for Preoperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Perioperative Cardiac Management in Non-cardiac Surgery of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and endorsed by the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA). Eur Heart J. 2009 Nov;30(22):2769–812.
Geerts WH, Bergqvist D, Pineo GF, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th edition). Chest. 2008;133(6_suppl):381S–453.
Eriksson BI, Borris LC, Friedman RJ, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after hip arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(26):2765–75.
Kakkar AK, Brenner B, Dahl OE, et al. Extended duration rivaroxaban versus short-term enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip arthroplasty: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372(9632):31–9.
Lassen MR, Ageno W, Borris LC, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(26):2776–86.
Krinsley JS. Association between hyperglycemia and increased hospital mortality in a heterogeneous population of critically ill patients. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78:1471–8.
Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1359–67.
Van den Berghe G, Wilmer A, Herrmans G. Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:449–61.
Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on inpatient glycemic control. Endocr Pract. 2009;15:1–17.
Surgical Care Improvement Project Core Measures Set. Accessible at: http://www.jointcommission.org/PerformanceMeasurement/PerformanceMeasurement/SCIP+Core+Measure+Set.htm. Accessed August 11, 2010.
Finlayson E, Fan Z, Birkmeyer JD. Outcomes in octogenarians undergoing high-risk cancer operation: a national study. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;205:729–34.
Conflicts of Interest
Dr. Smetana is a consultant for Anvita Health. Dr. Cohn is on the speakers bureau for Sanofi-Aventis and Lilly/Daichii Sankyo and has stock ownership in Astra-Zeneca, Glaxo Smith Kline, Merck and Pfizer. Dr. Jaffer is a consultant for Sanofi-Aventis, Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Canyon Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jaffer also serves as a board member for both the Anticoagulation Forum and the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI). Drs. Pfeifer and Mauck have no conflicts in the past 3 years to declare.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pfeifer, K., Mauck, K.F., Cohn, S.L. et al. Update in Perioperative Medicine. J GEN INTERN MED 25, 1346–1351 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-010-1495-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-010-1495-6