Abstract
Background
Data are limited regarding the application of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Western countries or for esophageal adenocarcinoma in any part of the world. We sought to review our experience employing ESD in patients with early esophageal cancer at a high volume North American esophageal cancer treatment center.
Methods
A prospectively maintained database of all patients with esophageal cancer treated at the McGill University Health Center was used to identify ESDs performed for adenocarcinoma between 2012 and 2016. Patient demographics, pre-resection tumor characteristics, endoscopic resection technical variables, pathologic results, and short- and long-term outcomes were recorded.
Results
Of 650 patients in the database, 26 underwent 27 procedures. The majority (67%) had pre-treatment EUS. There were no post-ESD bleeding events requiring re-intervention. Perforation occurred in 2/27 (7%), one of which required operative repair. Complete RO resection was achieved in 18/27(67%). Salvage laparoscopic esophagectomy was performed in six patients. At a median follow-up of 18.5 (7–35) months, cancer recurrence occurred in only one patient who subsequently underwent successful repeat ESD.
Conclusions
Although technically challenging, ESD represents a safe and effective treatment of early esophageal adenocarcinoma and has the potential to become a more important tool in management of these early lesions in Western countries.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pennathur, A., et al., Oesophageal carcinoma. Lancet, 2013. 381(9864): p. 400–12.
Kelsen, D.P., et al., Long-term results of RTOG trial 8911 (USA Intergroup 113): a random assignment trial comparison of chemotherapy followed by surgery compared with surgery alone for esophageal cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2007. 25(24): p. 3719–25.
Abrams, J.A., et al., Esophagectomy compared with chemoradiation for early stage esophageal cancer in the elderly. Cancer, 2009. 115(21): p. 4924–33.
Cools-Lartigue, J., J. Spicer, and L.E. Ferri, Current status of management of malignant disease: current management of esophageal cancer. J Gastrointest Surg, 2015. 19(5): p. 964–72.
Birkmeyer, J.D., et al., Hospital volume and surgical mortality in the United States. N Engl J Med, 2002. 346(15): p. 1128–37.
Ra, J., et al., Postoperative mortality after esophagectomy for cancer: development of a preoperative risk prediction model. Ann Surg Oncol, 2008. 15(6): p. 1577–84.
Gopaldas, R.R., et al., Impact of surgeon demographics and technique on outcomes after esophageal resections: a nationwide study. Ann Thorac Surg, 2013. 95(3): p. 1064–9.
Dimick, J.B., et al., Specialty training and mortality after esophageal cancer resection. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005. 80(1): p. 282–6.
Sudarshan, M. and L. Ferri, A critical review of minimally invasive esophagectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech, 2012. 22(4): p. 310–8.
Ferri, L.E., et al., The influence of technical complications on postoperative outcome and survival after esophagectomy. Ann Surg Oncol, 2006. 13(4): p. 557–64.
Rice, T.W., et al., Cancer of the Esophagus and Esophagogastric Junction: An Eighth Edition Staging Primer. J Thorac Oncol, 2017. 12(1): p. 36–42.
Rice, T.W., et al., Esophageal carcinoma: depth of tumor invasion is predictive of regional lymph node status. Ann Thorac Surg, 1998. 65(3): p. 787–92.
Siewert, J.R., et al., Histologic tumor type is an independent prognostic parameter in esophageal cancer: lessons from more than 1,000 consecutive resections at a single center in the Western world. Ann Surg, 2001. 234(3): p. 360–7; discussion 368-9.
Bollschweiler, E., et al., High rate of lymph-node metastasis in submucosal esophageal squamous-cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. Endoscopy, 2006. 38(2): p. 149–56.
Lee, L., et al., Predicting lymph node metastases in early esophageal adenocarcinoma using a simple scoring system. J Am Coll Surg, 2013. 217(2): p. 191–9.
Cho, J.W., et al., Lymph Node Metastases in Esophageal Carcinoma: An Endoscopist's View. Clin Endosc, 2014. 47(6): p. 523–9.
Sgourakis, G., I. Gockel, and H. Lang, Endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/T1b esophageal neoplasms: a systematic review. World J Gastroenterol, 2013. 19(9): p. 1424–37.
Pech, O., et al., Long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection for patients with mucosal adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Gastroenterology, 2014. 146(3): p. 652–660 e1.
Belghazi, K., J. Bergman, and R.E. Pouw, Endoscopic Resection and Radiofrequency Ablation for Early Esophageal Neoplasia. Dig Dis, 2016. 34(5): p. 469–75.
Guo, H.M., et al., Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial esophageal cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2014. 20(18): p. 5540–7.
Fujishiro, M., et al., Endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal squamous cell neoplasms. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2006. 4(6): p. 688–94.
Gotoda, T., H. Yamamoto, and R.M. Soetikno, Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol, 2006. 41(10): p. 929–42.
Tsou, Y.K., et al., Learning curve for endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal neoplasms. Dis Esophagus, 2016. 29(6): p. 544–50.
Cho, K.B., W.J. Jeon, and J.J. Kim, Worldwide experiences of endoscopic submucosal dissection: not just Eastern acrobatics. World J Gastroenterol, 2011. 17(21): p. 2611–7.
Yamamoto, H., Endoscopic submucosal dissection—current success and future directions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2012. 9(9): p. 519–29.
Hirao, M., et al., Endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer and other tumors with local injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine. Gastrointest Endosc, 1988. 34(3): p. 264–9.
Bhatt, A., et al., Indications and Techniques for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection. Am J Gastroenterol, 2015. 110(6): p. 784–91.
Rong, Q.H., et al., Feasibility and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophageal or gastric carcinomas under general anesthesia. Med Princ Pract, 2013. 22(3): p. 280–4.
Committee, A.T., et al., Endoscopic submucosal dissection. Gastrointest Endosc, 2015. 81(6): p. 1311–25.
Nagata, K. and M. Shimizu, Pathological evaluation of gastrointestinal endoscopic submucosal dissection materials based on Japanese guidelines. World J Gastrointest Endosc, 2012. 4(11): p. 489–99.
Park, H.C., et al., Ten-year experience of esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial esophageal neoplasms in a single center. Korean J Intern Med, 2016. 31(6): p. 1064–1072.
Ono, S., et al., Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms. Gastrointest Endosc, 2009. 70(5): p. 860–6.
Neuhaus, H., et al., Endoscopic submucosal dissection plus radiofrequency ablation of neoplastic Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopy, 2012. 44(12): p. 1105–13.
Probst, A., et al., Early esophageal cancer in Europe: endoscopic treatment by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Endoscopy, 2015. 47(2): p. 113–21.
Hobel, S., et al., Single center experience of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in early Barrett's adenocarcinoma. Surg Endosc, 2015. 29(6): p. 1591–7.
Chevaux, J.B., et al., Clinical outcome in patients treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial Barrett's neoplasia. Endoscopy, 2015. 47(2): p. 103–12.
Lang, G.D., et al., A single-center experience of endoscopic submucosal dissection performed in a Western setting. Dig Dis Sci, 2015. 60(2): p. 531–6.
Yang, D., et al., Endoscopic submucosal dissection for Barrett’s early neoplasia: a multicenter study in the United States. Gastrointest Endosc, 2016.
Terheggen, G., et al., A randomised trial of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for early Barrett’s neoplasia. Gut, 2017. 66(5): p. 783–793.
Holmes, I., T. Hing, and S. Friedland, Combining endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection to treat neoplasia in Barrett’s esophagus. Surgical Endoscopy, 2016. 30(12): p. 5330–5337.
Pech, O., et al., Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound in preoperative staging of esophageal cancer: results from a referral center for early esophageal cancer. Endoscopy, 2010. 42(06): p. 456–461.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bouchard, P., Molina, JC., Cools-Lartigue, J. et al. Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A North American Perspective. J Gastrointest Surg 23, 1087–1094 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-018-04093-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-018-04093-w