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Carcinosarcoma of the ovary: MR and clinical findings compared with high-grade serous carcinoma

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Abstract

Purpose

To clarify imaging and clinical characteristics of ovarian carcinosarcoma (CS) compared with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed MR imagings of 12 patients with CS and 30 patients with HGSC and evaluated tumor size, shape, appearance, nature of cystic and solid components, hemorrhage, and necrosis. Age, premenopausal or postmenopausal, histologic subtype, presence of endometriosis, tumor markers, and stage were also evaluated. These parameters were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and the chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test.

Results

The mean size of CSs was 13.6 cm, and significantly larger than that of HGSCs (mean 9.0 cm, p = 0.022). The stained-glass appearance (67% vs. 23%, p = 0.013), hemorrhage (100% vs. 50%, p = 0.003), necrosis (75.0% vs. 13%, p = 0.000), and endometriosis (33% vs. 7%, p = 0.012) were significantly more common in CSs. The postmenopausal ratio of CSs was 100% and significantly higher than that of HGSCs (70.0%, p = 0.041). Among the tumor makers, only CA-125 was significantly lower in CSs than in HGSCs (mean 715.1 U/ml vs. 1677.1 U/ml, p = 0.009). The stage distribution was similar and was not significantly different.

Conclusion

CSs formed larger masses, and the stained-glass appearance, hemorrhage, and necrosis were more frequently observed in CSs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Tsukasa Saida, Kensaku Mori, Masafumi Sakai, Taishi Amano, Shunsuke Kikuchi, Souta Masuoka, Miki Yoshida, Tomohiko Masumoto & Manabu Minami

  2. Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Cancer Institute Hospital Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan

    Yumiko Oishi Tanaka

  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Toyomi Satoh

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  1. Tsukasa Saida
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Correspondence to Tsukasa Saida.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical statement

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of University of Tsukuba (R01-347).

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Saida, T., Mori, K., Tanaka, Y.O. et al. Carcinosarcoma of the ovary: MR and clinical findings compared with high-grade serous carcinoma. Jpn J Radiol 39, 357–366 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-020-01072-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-020-01072-7

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