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New insights into the structural and tectonic settings of the Bay of Bengal using high-resolution earth gravity model data

  • Research Article - Solid Earth Sciences
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Abstract

The residual anomaly of GECO model-derived gravity data has been enhanced using first vertical derivative, tilt derivative and balanced horizontal derivative for delineation of structural and tectonic features over the Bay of Bengal (BOB). Entire BOB basin is classified in eastern, central and western basins for analysis of the delineated lineaments to understand the tectonic setting. It is observed that major lineament trends in the western and central basins are N–S, NE–SW, and in the eastern basin N–S, NNE–SSW, while prominent lineament trend for the entire BOB basin is in N–S direction. The statistical analysis of the lineament attributes, viz. lineament density, circular standard deviation, circular variance for the lineaments, reveals that the crust under the central basin has experienced the maximum tectonic disturbances followed by the western and the eastern basins. Euler depth solutions for structural index (SI) zero estimate the possible source depths of the lineaments as (i) 3.0–9.0 km (possibly top sedimentary layer), (ii) 9.0–18.0 km (possibly intermediate sedimentary layer), (iii) 18.0–24.0 km (possibly upper crustal layer), (iv) 24.0–33.0 km (possibly lower crustal layer) and (v) 33.0–64.0 km (possibly associated with Lithosphere). Power spectral analysis and 2D forward modelling indicate that sediment thickness varies from 2.0 to 17.0 km; crustal thickness varies from 4.0 to 16.0 km, and Moho varies from 10 to 34 km depth over the BOB. The present study confirms that the origin of the 85°E ridge is due to the sagging of ridge crust into the mantle lithosphere, whereas the NER has a hotspot origin.

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source depths. The identified anomalous zones are overlaid in different-heights upward-continued gravity anomaly maps. (RGL—regional gravity low, RGH—regional gravity high)

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Editorial Team, Acta Geophysica, and both the distinguished reviewers for a quick, comprehensive review and thoughtful suggestions towards improving the manuscript. We wish to thank the International Centre for Global Earth Models (ICGEM) for the free GECO gravity data downloading facility. We are also thankful to the Director, IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, and Head, Dept. of App. Geophysics, IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, for their keen interest in this study. Authors are also thankful to ISRO, Dept. of Space, Govt. Of India, project ISRO/RES/630/2016-17; the Ministry of Coal, Govt. Of India, for funding project No.CMPDI/B&PRO/MT-173; and to Science and Engineering Research Board, DST, India, for funding project No. SB/S4/ES-640/2012 and FST/ES-I/2017/12.

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  1. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), Dehradun, 248003, India

    Satya Narayan

  2. Department of Applied Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India

    Ujjawal Kumar, Sanjit Kumar Pal & Soumyashree Debasis Sahoo

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Communicated by Prof. Teresa Grabowska (ASSOCIATE EDITOR), Prof. Ramon Zuñiga (CO-EDITOR-IN-CHIEF).

Appendix

Appendix

Appendix-1

figure a

Estimated deviation in Moho depth value between the present study (RAPS) and CRUST1.0 model data

Appendix-2

figure b

2D schematic depth section generated using radially averaged power spectrum results for sediment and basement thickness, and Moho depth for the profiles AA/ to FF/ are shown in figures (a) to (f)

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Narayan, S., Kumar, U., Pal, S.K. et al. New insights into the structural and tectonic settings of the Bay of Bengal using high-resolution earth gravity model data. Acta Geophys. 69, 2011–2033 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-021-00657-8

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  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-021-00657-8

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