Summary
This study investigated the ability of millimeter-wave (MMW) to promote the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into cells with a neural phenotype. The BMSCs were primarily cultured. At passage 3, the cells were induced by β-mercaptoethanol (BME) in combination with MMW or BME alone. The expressions of nucleostemin (NS) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were detected by immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting respectively to identify the differentiation. The untreated BMSCs predominately expressed NS. After induced by BME and MMW, the BMSCs exhibited a dramatic decrease in NS expression and increase in NSE expression. The differentiation rate of the cells treated with BME and MMW in combination was significantly higher than that of the cells treated with BME alone (P<0.05). It was concluded that MMW exposure enhanced the inducing effect of BME on the differentiation of BMSCs into cells with a neural phenotype.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Harvey C, French PW. Effects on protein kinase C and gene expression in a human mast cell line, HMC-1, following microwave exposure. Cell Biol Int, 2000, 23:739–748
Thornberry NA, Lazebnik Y. Caspases: enemies within. science, 1998,281:1312–1316
Wang ZH, Lu SJ, Hu HS, et al. Channel millimeter-wave conduction with radiotherapy for the treatment of malignant tumors. Chin J Phys Med Rehabil (Chinese), 1997,19(1):2–5
Rong L, Sun DY, Pang HF, et al. Effect of millimeter wave on rat hepatic tumor induced by diethylnitrosamine. J Fudan Univ: Med Sci (Chinese), 2001,28(2):133–135
Reynolds BA, Weiss S. Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cell of adult mammalian central nervous system. Science, 1992,225:1707–1710
Friendenstein AJ, Gorskaja JF, Kulagina NN. Fibmblast precursors in normal and irradiated mouse hematopoietie organs. Exp Hematol,1976,4(5):267–274
Pereira RF, Halford KW, O’Hara MD, et al. Cultured adherent cells from marrow can serve as long-lasting precursor cells for bone, cartilage and lung in irradiated mice. Proc Natl Acad of Sci USA, 1995,92(11): 4857–4861
Meng FG, Wu CY, Zhu SG, et al. Neuronal development of bone marrow stromal stem cells induced by arsenious acid. Chin J Exp Surg (Chinese), 2005,22(9):1120–1122
Chen XP, Ruan XZ, Zhang QL, et al. Effect of NGF and BME on differentiation of BMSCs into neurons-like cells. Chin J Mod Med (Chinese), 2004,14(15):20–23
Woodbury D, Schwarz EJ, Prockop DJ, et al. Adult rat and human bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neurons. J Neurosci Res, 2000,61(4):364–370
Wetzel BJ, Nindl G, Vesper DN, et al. Electromagnetic field effects: changes in protein phosphorylation in the Jurkat E6.1 cell line. Biomed Sci Instrum, 2001,37: 203–208
Alekseev SI, Ziskin MC. Effects of millimeter waves on ionic currents of Lymnaea neurons. Bioelectromagnetics, 1999,20(1):24–33
Yang ZH, Chen JJ, Liu L, et al. The effect of millimeter wave irradiation on the axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. Chin J Phys Med Rehabil (Chinese), 2005,27(7):395–397
Bervar M. Effect of weak, interrupted sinusoidal low frequency magnetic field on neural regeneration in rats: functional evaluation. Bioelectromagnetics, 2005 26(5):351–356
Wood M, Willits RK. Short-duration, DC electrical stimulation increases chick embryo DRG neurite outgrowth. Bioelectromagnetics, 2006,27(4):328–331
Zhang Y, Ding J, Duan W, et al. Influence of pulsed electromagnetic field with different pulse duty cycles on neurite outgrowth in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Bioelectromagnetics, 2005,26(5):406–411
Prina-Mello A, Farrell E, Prendergast PJ, et al. Influence of strong static magnetic fields on primary cortical neurons. Bioelectromagnetics, 2006,27(1):35–42
Yang LY, Huang TH, Ma L. Bone marrow stromal cells express neural phenotypes in vitro and migrate in brain after transplantation in vivo. Biomed Environ Sci, 2006,19(5):329–335
Gao YJ, Qian W, Wang BH, et al. Differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal cells to enteric neurons in vitro. Chin J Dig Dis (Chinese), 2006,7(3):156–163
Scintu F, Reali C, Pillai R, et al. Differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells into cells with a neural phenotype: diverse effects of two specific treatments. BMC Neurosci, 2006,7:14
Ma H, Pederson T. Nucleostemin: a multiplex regulator of cell-cycle progression. Trends Cell Biol, 2008,18(12): 575–579
Meng L, Lin T, Tsai RY. Nucleoplasmic mobilization of nucleostemin stabilizes MDM2 and promotes G2-M progression and cell survival. J Cell Sci, 2008,121(Pt 24): 4037–4046
Normile D. Cell proliferation. Common control for cancer, stem cells. Science, 2002,298(5600):1869
Tsai RY, McKay RD. A nucleolar mechanism controlling cell proliferation in stem cells and cancer cells. Genes Dev, 2002,16(23):2991–3003
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tong, Y., Yang, Z., Yang, D. et al. Millimeter-wave exposure promotes the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into cells with a neural phenotype. J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. [Med. Sci.] 29, 409–412 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-009-0403-y
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-009-0403-y