Abstract
Seismic wave amplification study is conducted for the town of Avcilar, Istanbul, located at about 120 kilometers west of the epicenter of the Kocaeli earthquake of August 17, 1999. The soil data is obtained from the literature published earlier by various researchers. It is determined, through the use of well known computer program Shake 2000, that the three major predominant periods of the ground are, 1.60, 1.00 and 0.70 s, respectively. Thus, the reasons of extensive damages occurred to 6 to 8 storey high residential buildings in the region, may be attributed to both the long distance effects of the high period waves of the earthquake and soil amplification.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Booth E D, Pappin JW, Mills J H, Degg M R and Steedman R S (1986). The Mexican Earthquake of 19 September 1985. A Field Report by Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team. SECED, The Institution of Civil Engineers, London, England.
Cassaro M A and Romeo E M (1987) eds. The Mexico Earthquakes-1985: Factors involved and lessons learned. ASCE, New York, 471.
Dowrick D J (1977). Earthquake Resistant Design. JohnWiley & Sons, Santiago, chile, 39–54.
Duke C M (1969). Techniques for field Measurement of shear wave velocity in soils. Proceedings of the Fifth WCEE, 1969, Santiago, Chile, 125–132.
Fujiwara T (1972). Estimation of Gground movements in actual dDestructive earthquakes. Proceedings of the Fourth European Symposium on Earthquake Engineering, September 5–7, 1972, London, 667–692.
Hardin B O and Drnevich V P (1972). Shear modulus and damping in soils: Design equations and curves. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE98: SM 7.
Idriss I M and Seed H B (1974). Seismic response by variable damping finite element. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division ASCE100(1): 1–13.
Meremonte M, Ozel O, Cranswick E, Erdik M., Safak E, Overturf D, Frankel A and Holzer T (2000). Damage and site response in Avcilar, West of Istanbul. Aykut Barka et al. eds. The 1999 Izmit and Duzce Earthquakes: Preliminary Results. Istanbul Technical University Press, Istanbul, Turkey, 265–276.
Pitilakis K D, Anastasiadis A J and Veldemiri F (1995). Natural soil deposits: Design G-D curves and their seismic response. Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering 447–453.
Schnabel P B, Lysmer J and Seed H B (1972). Shake 2000: A Computer Program for Engineering Response Analysis of Horizontally Layered Soils. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Berkeley, Report No. EERC 72-12, California, USA, December, 1972. University of California, Berkeley, USA, 1970.
Tezcan S S and Ipek V (1973). Long distance effects of the March 28, 1970 Gediz, Turkey earthquake. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn1(3): 203–215.
Tezcan S S and Cekirge M H (1977). Nonlinear shear wave propagation in layered soils. UNESCO Seminar on micro zoning. Ministry of Reconstruction and Resettlement, Ankara, Turkey, 4(3050): 61–70.
Tezcan S S and Ipek M (1977). Shear wave propagation in layered half-space. Bogazici University Journal4(3050): 61–70.
Tezcan S S, Durgunoglu H T and Whitman R V (1974). A field survey to determine seismic parameters at Tofas Auto Factory Site, Bursa, Turkey. Report by Department of Civil Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, 1974.
Tezcan S S, Seed H B, Whitman R V, Serff N, Christian J T, Durgunoglu H T and Yegian M K (1977). Resonant period effects in the Gediz, Turkey earthquake of 1970. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn, 5(2): 157–179.
Tezcan S S, Yerlici V and Durgunoglu H T (1978). A reconnaissance report for the Romanian earthquake of March 4, 1977. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics6: 379–421.
Wakabayashi M (1986). Design of Earthquake Resistant Buildings. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Whitman R V, Christian J T, Yegian M K and Tezcan S S (1974). Ground Motion Amplification Studies, Bursa, Turkey. MIT, Department of Civil Engineering Report, 1974.
Yokohoma H (1992). Study on generation of surface wave from side into plain. Proceedings of the Tenth WCEE. 19–24 July, 1992, Madrid, Spain, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam 2: 1 111–1 116.
Yuzer E, Oztas T, Vardar M and Eyidogan H (1997). Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Aspects of Avcilar, Istanbul. Istanbul Technical University Foundation, 1997, No. 96/20, pp39 (in Turkish).
Zheng J and Tamura C (1992). A simple numerical method for the earth response analysis of surface ground. Proceedings of the Tenth WCEE. 19–24 July, 1992, Madrid, Spain, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam 2: 1 111–1 116.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The article contains substantial overlap with another publication [1]. The author has not responded to any correspondence from the publisher about this retraction. [1] Tezcan, S.S., Kaya, E., Bal, I.E. and Özdemir, Z., 2002. Seismic amplification at Avcilar, Istanbul. Engineering Structures, 24(5), pp.661-667.
About this article
Cite this article
Kaptan, K. RETRACTED ARTICLE: A particular case study for earthquake soil amplification. Earthq Sci 24, 485–491 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-011-0810-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-011-0810-6