Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to adopt the uniform confidence method in both water pipeline design and oil-gas pipeline design. Based on the importance of pipeline and consequence of its failure, oil and gas pipeline can be classified into three pipe classes, with exceeding probabilities over 50 years of 2%, 5% and 10%, respectively. Performance-based design requires more information about ground motion, which should be obtained by evaluating seismic safety for pipeline engineering site. Different from a city’s water pipeline network, the long-distance oil and gas pipeline system is a spatially linearly distributed system. For the uniform confidence of seismic safety, a long-distance oil and pipeline formed with pump stations and different-class pipe segments should be considered as a whole system when analyzing seismic risk. Considering the uncertainty of earthquake magnitude, the design-basis fault displacements corresponding to the different pipeline classes are proposed to improve deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA). A new empirical relationship between the maximum fault displacement and the surface-wave magnitude is obtained with the supplemented earthquake data in East Asia. The estimation of fault displacement for a refined oil pipeline in Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake is introduced as an example in this paper.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
American Lifelines Alliance (2005). Design Guidelines for Seismic Resistant Water Pipeline Installations. FEMA and National Institute of Building Sciences. 2009-10-01, www.americanlifelinesalliance.org.
China Earthquake Administration (2001). Seismic Ground Motion Parameter Zonation Map of China. China Standard Press, Beijing, 1–6 (in Chinese).
China Earthquake Administration (2005). Evaluation of Seismic Safety for Engineering Sites. China Standard Press, 4–14 (in Chinese).
Davis C A (2005). Uniform confidence hazard approach for the seismic design of pipelines. The 4th Japan-US Workshop on Seismic Measures for Water Supply. JWWA and AWWARF, Kobe, Japan, 149–157.
Gao M T (1993). Seismic hazard analysis for a spatial linearly distributed system. Acta Seismologica Sinica6(3): 713–719.
Guo X, Pan H and Gao M T (2009). Seismic hazard analysis of cascade hydropower stations system by the Monte Carlo method. Earthquake Research in China25(1): 94–99 (in Chinese with English abstract).
China National Petroleum Corporation (2009). Seismic Technical Code for Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline Engineering. China Standard Press, Beijing, 9–12 (in Chinese).
Liu A W and Feng Q M (2007). The new seismic code for oil and gas transmission pipelines of China. In: The Fifth China-Japan-US Trilateral Symposium on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering. Nov. 26 to 30, 2007, Haikou, China.
Todorovska M I, Trifunac M D and Lee V W (2007). Shaking hazard compatible methodology for probabilistic assessment of permanent ground displacement across earthquake faults. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering27(6): 586–597.
Wells D L and Coppersmith K J (1994). New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement. Bull Seism Soc Amer84: 974–1 002.
Xu X W, Wen X Z, Ye J Q, Ma B Q, Chen J, Zhou R J, He H L, Tian Q J, He Y L, Wang Z C, Sun Z M, Feng X J, Yu G H, Chen L C, Chen G H, Yu S E, Ran Y K, Li X G, Li C X and An Y F (2008). The MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake surface rupture and its seismogenic structure. Seismology and Geology30(3): 597–627 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Youngs R R, Arabasz W J, Anderson R E, Ramelli A R, Ake J P, Slemmons D B, McCalpin J P, Doser D I, Fridrich C J, Swan F H, Rogers A M, Yount J C, Anderson L W, Smith K D, Bruhn R L, Knuepfer P L K, Smith R B, DePolo C M, O’Leary D W, Coppersmith K J, Pezzopane S K, Schwartz D P, Whitney J W, Olig S S and Toro G R (2003). A methodology for probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis (PFDHA). Earthquake Spectra19(1): 191–219.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, A., Chen, K. & Wu, J. State of art of seismic design and seismic hazard analysis for oil and gas pipeline system. Earthq Sci 23, 259–263 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-010-0721-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-010-0721-y